Earthquakes and Water
Earthquakes and Water
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-642-00810-8
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发表时间：
2010-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chi‐yuen Wang;M. Manga
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chi‐yuen Wang;M. Manga
在地壳中注入流体或提取流体会改变孔隙压力和孔隙弹性应力。压力和应力的变化都会促进地震活动，因此地震事件称为诱发地震。地球表面水库的填充也会因表面荷载和孔隙压力变化的某种组合而诱发地震。然而，将任何特定地震归因于人类活动并不总是那么简单。关于什么控制诱发地震的震级、孔隙压力变化和孔隙弹性应力的相对重要性，以及如何最好地管理注入和抽取以尽量减少地震活动，仍然存在争议。随着地下工程的规模和分布在全球范围内扩大，我们预计未来会发生更多、更大的诱发地震。
Injecting fluids in the crust, or their extraction, changes pore pressure and poroelastic stresses. Both pressure and stress changes can promote seismicity and, hence, the seismic events are called induced earthquakes. The filling of reservoirs on Earth’s surface can also induce earthquakes from some combination of surface loading and pore pressure changes. Attribution of any given earthquake to human activities, however, is not always straightforward. There remains debate about what controls the magnitude of induced earthquakes, the relative importance of pore pressure changes and poroelastic stresses, and how to best manage injection and extraction to minimize seismicity. As the scale and distribution of subsurface engineering expand globally, we should expect more and larger induced earthquakes in the future.