Adaptive Radiation of the Flukes of the Family Fasciolidae Inferred from Genome-Wide Comparisons of Key Species
Adaptive Radiation of the Flukes of the Family Fasciolidae Inferred from Genome-Wide Comparisons of Key Species
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DOI：
10.1093/molbev/msz204
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
影响因子：
10.7
通讯作者：
Mitreva, Makedonka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Choi, Young-Jun;Fontenla, Santiago;Mitreva, Makedonka
片吸虫科的肝脏和肠道吸虫可引起人畜共患的食源性感染，影响世界各地的农业和人类健康。它们的进化史以及表型和生态多样性背后的遗传基础还没有被很好地理解。为了缩小这一认识差距，我们比较了肝片吸虫、大片吸虫和布氏片吸虫的全基因组，确定片吸虫和片吸虫之间的分裂发生在晚白垩世90 Ma左右，65-50 Ma之间发生了中间宿主切换和从肠道栖息地向肝脏栖息地的转移。在此期间发生的快速气候和生态变化可能有助于这些吸虫的适应性辐射。组织蛋白、脂肪酸结合蛋白、蛋白二硫键异构酶和分子伴侣在片形吸虫属中的扩张突出了排泄分泌蛋白在这些居住在肝脏的吸虫中的重要性。肝片吸虫和巨型片吸虫在中新世-上新世界线附近发生了类似于5 Ma的发散，这与非洲和欧亚大陆之间的动物群交换减少相吻合。片吸虫10ka左右的有效种群数量的严重减少与其最近通过反刍动物驯化在全球传播所产生的创始人效应是一致的。G蛋白偶联受体可能在生理和行为适应新的生态位方面发挥关键作用。这项研究为这些重要病原体的基因组进化提供了新的见解，产生了基因组资源，使改进的干预和诊断的开发成为可能，并为基因组流行病学追踪耐药性和协助监测奠定了坚实的基础。
Liver and intestinal flukes of the family Fasciolidae cause zoonotic food-borne infections that impact both agriculture and human health throughout the world. Their evolutionary history and the genetic basis underlying their phenotypic and ecological diversity are not well understood. To close that knowledge gap, we compared the whole genomes of Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica, and Fasciolopsis buski and determined that the split between Fasciolopsis and Fasciola took place similar to 90 Ma in the late Cretaceous period, and that between 65 and 50 Ma an intermediate host switch and a shift from intestinal to hepatic habitats occurred in the Fasciola lineage. The rapid climatic and ecological changes occurring during this period may have contributed to the adaptive radiation of these flukes. Expansion of cathepsins, fatty-acid-binding proteins, protein disulfide-isomerases, and molecular chaperones in the genus Fasciola highlights the significance of excretory-secretory proteins in these liver-dwelling flukes. Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica diverged similar to 5 Ma near the Miocene-Pliocene boundary that coincides with reduced faunal exchange between Africa and Eurasia. Severe decrease in the effective population size similar to 10ka in Fasciola is consistent with a founder effect associated with its recent global spread through ruminant domestication. G-protein-coupled receptors may have key roles in adaptation of physiology and behavior to new ecological niches. This study has provided novel insights about the genome evolution of these important pathogens, has generated genomic resources to enable development of improved interventions and diagnosis, and has laid a solid foundation for genomic epidemiology to trace drug resistance and to aid surveillance.