Asbestos-related disease in railroad workers. A cross-sectional study.
Asbestos-related disease in railroad workers. A cross-sectional study.
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铁路工人与石棉相关的疾病。
DOI：
10.1164/arrd.1985.131.4.499
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发表时间：
1985
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
N. Sprince
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. C. Oliver;E. Eisen;R. Greene;N. Sprince
对377名铁路工人进行了横断面患病率研究。目的是调查石棉相关疾病的患病率。我们比较了传统的和最近采用的定义异常肺功能的标准。我们比较了那些在肺功能测定中表现可重复的人与那些没有表现可重复的人的测试结果。获得病史和职业史、流量-容积环以及后前位和侧位胸片。测量单次呼吸一氧化碳弥散量（DLCO），并进行胸部听诊。与暴露开始后的时间相关，胸膜斑块发生率为22.9%。1.6%有间质性疾病的影像学证据。单次呼吸DLCO（12.4%）、爆裂音（18.4%）和呼吸困难（49.6%）的减少与石棉暴露显著相关。限制和梗阻的患病率分别为5.1%和12.4%，但不同的定义标准选择（p = 0.0001）。这些异常中的每一个的比例在不可重现组中更高。这一组年龄较大，胸膜斑和慢性支气管炎较多。铁路工人是与石棉有关的疾病的危险群体。疾病的程度和因果关系的假设可能会随着正常状态的定义和重复性标准的使用而变化。
A cross-sectional prevalence study of 377 railroad workers was carried out. The purpose was to investigate the prevalence of asbestos-related disease. We compared conventional with more recently adopted criteria for defining abnormal lung function. We compared the test results of those who performed reproducibly on spirometry with those who did not. Medical and occupational histories, flow-volume loops, and posteroanterior and lateral chest radiographs were obtained. Single-breath carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) was measured, and chest auscultation was performed. Related to time since onset of exposure, pleural plaques occurred in 22.9%. There was radiographic evidence of interstitial disease in 1.6%. Reduced single-breath DLCO (12.4%), crackles (18.4%), and dyspnea (49.6%) were significantly associated with asbestos exposure. The prevalence of restriction and obstruction was 5.1 and 12.4%, respectively, but differed (p = 0.0001) with the definition criteria selected. The proportion with each of these abnormalities was higher in the nonreproducible group. That group was older, with more pleural plaques and chronic bronchitis. Railroad workers are a group at risk for asbestos-related disease. Extent of disease and assumptions about causality are likely to vary with definitions of normalcy and the use of reproducibility criteria.