Development of an automatic sampler for extreme polar environments: first in situ application in Svalbard Islands
Development of an automatic sampler for extreme polar environments: first in situ application in Svalbard Islands
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开发极端极地环境自动采样器：首次在斯瓦尔巴群岛原位应用
DOI：
10.1007/s12210-016-0539-1
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Azzaro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Zappalà;G. Bruzzone;Gabriella Caruso;M. Azzaro
由于全球变暖对北极地区的影响众所周知，北极生态系统最近受到越来越多的关注。需要先进的海洋监测技术来监测环境变化，特别是与冰融化相关的变化。在旨在研究北半球水文循环及其对气候影响的 ARCA 项目框架内，第一个自动设备原型专门设计用于对斯瓦尔巴群岛 Kronebreen 冰川附近地区的水域进行离散采样。本研究报告了该装置首次原位应用的结果，涉及异养细菌分布和功能代谢的研究。沿着从冰川到近海的横断面，在冰川附近观察到高丰度的可培养异养细菌。亮氨酸氨肽酶和β葡萄糖苷酶酶活性值存在显着的空间差异，靠近冰川的微生物糖酵解活性较高。细菌分离株的细胞外酶谱模式表明，脂质、蛋白质和有机磷酸盐在北冰洋该区域的细菌代谢中发挥着重要作用。
Increased attention has recently been addressed to Arctic ecosystems due to the well-known impact of global warming on the northern polar region. Advanced technologies for marine monitoring are needed to monitor environmental changes, especially those related to ice melting. In the framework of the ARCA project aimed at studying the hydrological cycle and its consequences on the climate in the boreal hemisphere, a first prototype of automatic equipment was specifically designed to perform discrete sampling of waters in the area close to the Kronebreen glacier, in the Svalbard Archipelago. This study reports the results of the first in situ application of this device related to the study of heterotrophic bacterial distribution and functional metabolism. Along a transect from the glacier to offshore, a high culturable heterotrophic bacterial abundance was observed close to the glacier. Significant spatial differences were recorded in the values of leucine aminopeptidase and beta glucosidase enzymatic activities, with high microbial glycolytic activity close to the glacier. The patterns of extracellular enzymatic profiles of the bacterial isolates showed that lipids, proteins and organic phosphates play a major role in bacterial metabolism in this area of the Arctic Ocean.