The Determinants of Early Age Human Capital Formation: Evidence from Brazil
The Determinants of Early Age Human Capital Formation: Evidence from Brazil
复制标题
早期人力资本形成的决定因素：来自巴西的证据
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
A. Arriagada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Psacharopoulos;A. Arriagada
现在人们普遍认识到，人力资本基础低是发展中国家最严重的发展制约因素对儿童教育的投资增加了人力资本的存量，从而提高了整个社会和人口各小群体的未来收入和生活水平。家庭投资孩子的教育有很多原因，其中之一是期望教育能增加孩子未来的收入。政府还投资于教育，以提高劳动力的技能水平，从而提高整个社会的工人生产率和收入。因此，对人口中不同亚群体之间教育投资的决定因素和所达到的教育水平的分析是决策者主要关心的问题。本研究探讨了几个经济、人口、社会和地区因素对巴西7至14岁儿童受教育程度的影响。特别是，它审查了学校参与、成绩成就和辍学的决定因素。数据来自1980年巴西人口普查的3%公共使用国家样本，其中包括808,000个家庭中的3,526,000人从这个庞大的数据库中抽取了一个随机的子样本，从4万户家庭中抽取了20万人，以代表巴西所有州以及城市和农村地区。从后一个子样本中，我们获得了23,700名7至14岁儿童的子集，我们将他们的父母和家庭数据与之匹配。下一节提供了有关巴西的一些背景信息。第三节更详细地描述了本分析中使用的样本。第四节着重讨论学校参与的决定因素。第五节探讨家庭和区域特征的影响
It is now widely acknowledged that the low human capital base is the most serious developmental constraint in developing countries.1 Investments in child schooling add to the stock of human capital and therefore to future income and living standards for society as a whole and among subgroups of the population. Families invest in children's education for many reasons, among them the expectation that education will increase the child's future earnings. Governments also invest in education in order to raise the skill level of the labor force and, hence, to increase worker productivity and income in society at large. Thus, the analysis of the determinants of investment in schooling among different subgroups in the population and levels of education attained are of major concern for policymakers. This study explores the effects of several economic, demographic, social, and regional factors on the educational attainment of Brazilian children between the ages of 7 and 14 years. In particular, it examines the determinants of school participation, grade attainment, and dropping out of school. The data came from the 3% public use national sample of the 1980 Brazilian Population Census containing 3,526,000 individuals in 808,000 households.2 Out of this large data base a random subsample was drawn of 200,000 individuals in 40,000 households, selected so as to represent all Brazilian states and urban and rural areas. From this latter subsample we obtained a subset of 23,700 children aged 7 to 14 to whom we matched their parental and household data. The following section gives some background information on Brazil. Section III describes in more detail the sample used in this analysis. Section IV focuses on the determinants of school participation. Section V examines the impact of household and regional charac-