Lightening the load: perceptual load impairs visual detection in typical adults but not in autism.
Lightening the load: perceptual load impairs visual detection in typical adults but not in autism.
复制标题
减轻负担：感知负荷会损害典型成年人的视觉检测能力，但不会损害自闭症患者的视力。
DOI：
10.1037/a0027670
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Remington AM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Remington AM
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的研究描绘了一幅混合的画面，注意力的增强（例如，上级视觉搜索）和缺陷（例如，更高的分心）的演示。在这里，我们测试了来自注意力负荷理论的潜在解决方案（例如，Lavie，2005）。在负荷理论中，分心物处理取决于任务的感知负荷，因此只能在占用全部容量的高负荷下消除。我们假设ASD涉及增强的感知能力，导致先前报道的上级性能和增加的分心物处理。使用信号检测范式，我们直接测试，并证明，在较高水平的负荷下，知觉灵敏度降低，在典型的成年人，但不是在成人ASD。这些发现证实了我们的假设，并为之前的差异提供了一个有希望的解决方案，表明ASD中干扰物处理的增加不是由于过滤缺陷，而是由于感知能力的增强。
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research portrays a mixed picture of attentional abilities with demonstrations of enhancements (eg, superior visual search) and deficits (eg, higher distractibility). Here we test a potential resolution derived from the Load Theory of Attention (eg, Lavie, 2005). In Load Theory, distractor processing depends on the perceptual load of the task and as such can only be eliminated under high load that engages full capacity. We hypothesize that ASD involves enhanced perceptual capacity, leading to the superior performance and increased distractor processing previously reported. Using a signal-detection paradigm, we test this directly and demonstrate that, under higher levels of load, perceptual sensitivity was reduced in typical adults but not in adults with ASD. These findings confirm our hypothesis and offer a promising solution to the previous discrepancies by suggesting that increased distractor processing in ASD results not from a filtering deficit but from enhanced perceptual capacity.