Global greenhouse gas emissions from animal-based foods are twice those of plant-based foods
Global greenhouse gas emissions from animal-based foods are twice those of plant-based foods
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DOI：
10.1038/s43016-021-00358-x
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发表时间：
2021-09-13
期刊：
影响因子：
23.2
通讯作者：
Jain, Atul K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xu, Xiaoming;Sharma, Prateek;Jain, Atul K.
与粮食生产和消费有关的温室气体排放量的量化仍然在很大程度上受到跨部门一致的空间数据的阻碍。这项研究详细说明了土地利用变化、农田、牲畜和农场大门以外与植物和动物性食品/饮食相关的活动产生的排放，每种主要农产品在国家和全球层面的排放量。农业和土地利用是温室气体（GHG）的主要来源排放量，但以前的估计要么是高度综合的，要么是通过不同的方法获得的分部门的空间细节。使用模型数据集成的方法，确保子部门之间的完全一致性，我们提供了空间明确的估计生产和消费为基础的温室气体排放量的全球植物和动物为基础的人类食物在2010年左右。全球粮食生产的温室气体排放量为17，318 +/-1，675 TgCO（2）eq yr（-1），其中57%来自动物性食品（包括牲畜饲料）的生产，29%来自植物性食品，14%来自其他用途。农田管理和土地使用变化占总排放量的主要份额（分别为38%和29%），而大米和牛肉是最大的植物和动物商品（分别为12%和25%），南亚和东南亚以及南美洲是生产型温室气体的最大排放国。
The quantification of greenhouse gas emissions related to food production and consumption is still largely hindered by the availability of spatial data consistent across sectors. This study provides a detailed account of emissions from land-use change, farmland, livestock and activities beyond the farm gate associated with plant- and animal-based foods/diets-culminating in local-, country- and global-level emissions from each major agricultural commodity.Agriculture and land use are major sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions but previous estimates were either highly aggregate or provided spatial details for subsectors obtained via different methodologies. Using a model-data integration approach that ensures full consistency between subsectors, we provide spatially explicit estimates of production- and consumption-based GHG emissions worldwide from plant- and animal-based human food in circa 2010. Global GHG emissions from the production of food were found to be 17,318 +/- 1,675 TgCO(2)eq yr(-1), of which 57% corresponds to the production of animal-based food (including livestock feed), 29% to plant-based foods and 14% to other utilizations. Farmland management and land-use change represented major shares of total emissions (38% and 29%, respectively), whereas rice and beef were the largest contributing plant- and animal-based commodities (12% and 25%, respectively), and South and Southeast Asia and South America were the largest emitters of production-based GHGs.