Influenza and other respiratory viruses in three Central American countries.
Influenza and other respiratory viruses in three Central American countries.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1750-2659.2010.00182.x
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发表时间：
2011-03
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Kochel TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Laguna-Torres VA;Sánchez-Largaespada JF;Lorenzana I;Forshey B;Aguilar P;Jimenez M;Parrales E;Rodriguez F;García J;Jimenez I;Rivera M;Perez J;Sovero M;Rios J;Gamero ME;Halsey ES;Kochel TJ
请将本文引用为：拉古纳托雷斯等人。（2011年）三个中美洲国家的流感和其他呼吸道病毒。流感和其他呼吸道病毒5（2），123-134。 背景尽管中美洲儿童呼吸道疾病造成了疾病负担，但描述该疾病病原体的数据很少。 目的分析在一个门诊健康中心，一个儿科医院，和三个综合医院在萨尔瓦多萨尔瓦多，洪都拉斯和尼加拉瓜的参与者报告与流感样疾病（ILI）相关的病毒病原体。 将患者标本接种到培养的细胞单层上，通过间接和直接免疫荧光染色检测病毒抗原。 结果共纳入1,756例患者，其中1,195例（68.3%）年龄小于5岁; 183例（10.4%）需要住院治疗。 在434例（24.7%）病例中确定了一种或多种病毒因子，其中17例（3.9%）为双重感染。分离出的最常见病毒为甲型流感病毒（130; 7.4%的病例）、呼吸道合胞病毒（122; 6.9%）、腺病毒（63; 3.6%）、副流感病毒（57; 3.2%）、B流感病毒（47; 2.7%的病例）和单纯疱疹病毒1型（22; 1.3%）。此外，从患者标本中分离出人偏肺病毒和肠道病毒（科萨基和埃可病毒）。 讨论与其他人群相比，从5岁或5岁以下患者中分离出病毒的比例明显较高。 甲型流感病毒或B流感病毒感染的流行率在年轻和老年组之间相似。RSV是5岁及以下婴儿中最常见的病原体，与肺炎（p <0.0001）和住院（p <0.0001）显著相关。 结论流感分离株的基因分析鉴定出A（H3 N2）、A（H1 N1）和B病毒。 它还表明，2008年初首次在甲型H1N1流感病毒株中检测到对奥司他韦产生耐药性的突变H274 Y。这些数据表明，在洪都拉斯、萨尔瓦多和尼加拉瓜，多种呼吸道病原体与ILI相关。特别是RSV感染似乎与该地区婴儿的严重疾病有关。
Please cite this paper as: Laguna‐Torres et al. (2011) Influenza and other respiratory viruses in three Central American countries. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 5(2), 123–134. Background Despite the disease burden imposed by respiratory diseases on children in Central America, there is a paucity of data describing the etiologic agents of the disease. Aims To analyze viral etiologic agents associated with influenza‐like illness (ILI) in participants reporting to one outpatient health center, one pediatric hospital, and three general hospitals in El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua Material & Methods Between August 2006 and April 2009, pharyngeal swabs were collected from outpatients and inpatients. Patient specimens were inoculated onto cultured cell monolayers, and viral antigens were detected by indirect and direct immunofluorescence staining. Results A total of 1,756 patients were enrolled, of whom 1,195 (68.3%) were under the age of 5; and 183 (10.4%) required hospitalization. One or more viral agents were identified in 434 (24.7%) cases, of which 17 (3.9%) were dual infections. The most common viruses isolated were influenza A virus (130; 7.4% of cases), respiratory syncytial virus (122; 6.9%), adenoviruses (63; 3.6%), parainfluenza viruses (57; 3.2%), influenza B virus (47; 2.7% of cases), and herpes simplex virus 1 (22; 1.3%). In addition, human metapneumovirus and enteroviruses (coxsackie and echovirus) were isolated from patient specimens. Discussion When compared to the rest of the population, viruses were isolated from a significantly higher percentage of patients age 5 or younger. The prevalence of influenza A virus or influenza B virus infections was similar between the younger and older age groups. RSV was the most commonly detected pathogen in infants age 5 and younger and was significantly associated with pneumonia (p < 0.0001) and hospitalization (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Genetic analysis of influenza isolates identified A (H3N2), A (H1N1), and B viruses. It also showed that the mutation H274Y conferring resistance to oseltamivir was first detected in Honduran influenza A/H1N1 strains at the beginning of 2008. These data demonstrate that a diverse range of respiratory pathogens are associated with ILI in Honduras, El Salvador, and Nicaragua. RSV infection in particular appears to be associated with severe disease in infants in the region.