The presence of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the BDNF gene affects the rate of locomotor adaptation after stroke.
The presence of a single-nucleotide polymorphism in the BDNF gene affects the rate of locomotor adaptation after stroke.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00221-015-4465-8
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Reisman DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Helm EE;Tyrell CM;Pohlig RT;Brady LD;Reisman DS
通过运动学习诱导神经可塑性已在动物和人类中得到证实。脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)是神经营养因子家族中的一员，被认为在学习和运动技能恢复过程中对中枢神经系统的可塑性起着不可或缺的调节作用。30%的人在BDNF基因(Val66Met)上存在单核苷酸多态，这与BDNF活性依赖性释放减少有关。在健康人中，这种多态的存在与皮质激活、短期可塑性和技能获得以及学习的改变有关。Val66Met基因多态对中风后运动学习的影响尚未被探讨。本研究旨在探讨Val66Met基因多态性对慢性卒中患者学习一项新的运动任务的影响。研究假设，与没有基因多态的受试者相比，具有该基因多态的受试者对一种新的步行模式(分带式跑步机)的适应速度和程度都发生了变化。适应率通过前30步(早期适应)和最后100步(晚期适应)步态不对称性的减少来评估。27名慢性中风患者参加了单次劈裂带跑步机步行，并测试了该基因的多态性。测量步长和肢体相位以评估步行的空间和时间参数的适应性。步长不对称的适应率在具有和不存在多态的个体之间有显著差异，而总适应量没有显著差异。这些结果表明，慢性中风幸存者，无论是否存在这种多态，都能够在一段时间的试错练习中适应他们的行走模式，然而多态的存在会影响实现这一目标的速度。
Induction of neural plasticity through motor learning has been demonstrated in animals and humans. Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family of growth factors, is thought to play an integral role in modulation of central nervous system plasticity during learning and motor skill recovery. Thirty percent of humans possess a single nucleotide polymorphism on the BDNF gene (Val66Met), which has been linked to decreased activity dependent release of BDNF. Presence of the polymorphism has been associated with altered cortical activation, short term plasticity and altered skill acquisition, and learning in healthy humans. The impact of the Val66Met polymorphism on motor learning post-stroke has not been explored. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the Val66Met polymorphism in learning of a novel locomotor task in subjects with chronic stroke. It was hypothesized that subjects with the polymorphism would have an altered rate and magnitude of adaptation to a novel locomotor walking paradigm (the split-belt treadmill), compared to those without the polymorphism. The rate of adaptation was evaluated as the reduction in gait asymmetry during the first 30 (early adaptation) and last 100 (late adaptation) strides. Twenty-seven individuals with chronic stroke participated in a single session of split-belt treadmill walking and tested for the polymorphism. Step length and limb phase were measured to assess adaptation of spatial and temporal parameters of walking. The rate of adaptation of step length asymmetry differed significantly between those with and without the polymorphism, while the amount of total adaptation did not. These results suggest that chronic stroke survivors, regardless of presence or absence of the polymorphism, are able to adapt their walking pattern over a period of trial and error practice, however the presence of the polymorphism influences the rate at which this is achieved.