Characteristic profiles among students and junior doctors with specific career preferences.
Characteristic profiles among students and junior doctors with specific career preferences.
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DOI：
10.1186/1472-6920-13-125
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发表时间：
2013-09-12
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Kai I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takeda Y;Morio K;Snell L;Otaki J;Takahashi M;Kai I
研究了影响专业选择的因素，试图找到激励措施，以提高某些专业的劳动力。由工作时间和收入定义的“可控生活方式（CL）专业”的概念越来越受欢迎。因此，许多报告主张提供一个“生活方式友好”的工作环境，以吸引医学毕业生。然而，很少有文献记载的优先选择专业在不同的职业机会。这项全国性的研究是在日本进行的，目的是确定影响专业选择的因素。它寻找在不同专业之间选择的高年级学生和初级医生的特征。我们进行了一项调查，第四和第六（最后）年的医学生和基础年的医生，使用问卷询问他们的专业偏好，并在多大程度上他们的决定是由一组给定的标准的影响。结果进行了因子分析。在确定因素后，我们分析了6年级学生和初级医生的一个子集，他们将一个专业确定为未来的职业，计算每个因素的z分数（标准分数），然后我们将分数绘制在蛛网图上，以可视化特征曲线。因素分析得出影响职业偏好的5个因素。15个专业根据z分数最高的因素分为4组：“工作安全的生活”（放射科、眼科、麻醉科、皮肤科和精神科）、“生物科学方向”（内科亚专业、外科、妇产科、急诊科、泌尿科和神经外科）和“个人原因”（儿科和骨科）。另外两个因素是“他人的建议”和“教育经历”。全科医学/家庭医学和耳鼻喉科被归类为“中间”组，因为5个因素的影响程度相似。决定职业的价值因专业而异。强调生活方式问题，虽然重要，可能会劝阻学生和初级医生谁更感兴趣的生物科学方面的专业或有强烈的个人原因追求职业选择。为了确保各专业的劳动力平衡，在学生选拔过程中应考虑招收具有不同背景和信仰的学生。
Factors influencing specialty choice have been studied in an attempt to find incentives to enhance the workforce in certain specialties. The notion of “controllable lifestyle (CL) specialties,” defined by work hours and income, is gaining in popularity. As a result, many reports advocate providing a ‘lifestyle-friendly’ work environment to attract medical graduates. However, little has been documented about the priority in choosing specialties across the diverse career opportunities. This nationwide study was conducted in Japan with the aim of identifying factors that influence specialty choice. It looked for characteristic profiles among senior students and junior doctors who were choosing between different specialties. We conducted a survey of 4th and 6th (final)-year medical students and foundation year doctors, using a questionnaire enquiring about their specialty preference and to what extent their decision was influenced by a set of given criteria. The results were subjected to a factor analysis. After identifying factors, we analysed a subset of responses from 6th year students and junior doctors who identified a single specialty as their future career, to calculate a z-score (standard score) of each factor and then we plotted the scores on a cobweb chart to visualise characteristic profiles. Factor analysis yielded 5 factors that influence career preference. Fifteen specialties were sorted into 4 groups based on the factor with the highest z-score: “fulfilling life with job security” (radiology, ophthalmology, anaesthesiology, dermatology and psychiatry), “bioscientific orientation” (internal medicine subspecialties, surgery, obstetrics and gynaecology, emergency medicine, urology, and neurosurgery), and “personal reasons” (paediatrics and orthopaedics). Two other factors were “advice from others” and “educational experience”. General medicine / family medicine and otolaryngology were categorized as “intermediate” group because of similar degree of influence from 5 factors. What is valued in deciding a career varies between specialties. Emphasis on lifestyle issues, albeit important, might dissuade students and junior doctors who are more interested in bioscientific aspects of the specialty or have strong personal reasons to pursue the career choice. In order to secure balanced workforce across the specialties, enrolling students with varied background and beliefs should be considered in the student selection process.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
Goldacre MJ;Laxton L;Harrison EM;Richards JM;Lambert TW;Parks RW
通讯作者：
Parks RW
影响因子：
7.4
作者：
Kassebaum, DG;Szenas, PL;Schuchert, MK
通讯作者：
Schuchert, MK
影响因子：
--
作者：
Davidson, JM;Lambert, TW;Parkhouse, J
通讯作者：
Parkhouse, J
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Ciechanowski, Paul S;Worley, Linda L M;Katon, Wayne J
通讯作者：
Katon, Wayne J
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Hauer, Karen E.;Durning, Steven J.;Schwartz, Mark D.
通讯作者：
Schwartz, Mark D.