Cell cycle-dependent specific positioning and clustering of centromeres and telomeres in fission yeast.
Cell cycle-dependent specific positioning and clustering of centromeres and telomeres in fission yeast.
复制标题
裂殖酵母中着丝粒和端粒的细胞周期依赖性特定定位和聚类。
DOI：
10.1083/jcb.121.5.961
复制
发表时间：
1993-06
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Yanagida, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Funabiki, H;Hagan, I;Uzawa, S;Yanagida, M
荧光原位杂交（FISH）显示，裂殖酵母着丝粒和端粒在细胞核中构成特定的空间排列。它们的定位和聚集受细胞周期调节。在G2中，着丝粒聚集在纺锤体极体（SPB）附近，而在有丝分裂中，它们彼此之间以及与SPB的关联被破坏。同样，端粒在G2期聚集在细胞核周围，它们的结合在有丝分裂中被破坏。有丝分裂的着丝粒与纺锤体相互作用。它们保持不分裂，直到纺锤体达到临界长度，然后分离并向两极移动。这第一次证明了分裂后期A发生在分裂酵母中。后期A、B模式与高等真核生物相似。在nda3和cut7突变体中，驱动蛋白相关马达的微管蛋白缺陷，细胞在有丝分裂的早期阶段由于缺乏纺锤体而被阻断，着丝粒解离但仍然靠近SPB，而在中期停滞的nuc2突变体中，它们位于纺锤体的中间。因此，FISH是一个强大的工具，分析有丝分裂染色体运动和分离使用各种突变体。令人惊讶的是，在DNA拓扑异构酶II的top2缺陷中，虽然大多数染色单体DNA保持未分裂，但姐妹着丝粒被分离。这一发现的意义进行了讨论。与此相反，大多数染色单体DNA是分离的，但端粒DNA不是在cut1突变体。在cut1中，SPB复制对有丝分裂完成的依赖性被消除。在crm1突变细胞中，染色体的高级组织缺陷，着丝粒和端粒的间期排列被破坏。
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) shows that fission yeast centromeres and telomeres make up specific spatial arrangements in the nucleus. Their positioning and clustering are cell cycle regulated. In G2, centromeres cluster adjacent to the spindle pole body (SPB), while in mitosis, their association with each other and with the SPB is disrupted. Similarly, telomeres cluster at the nuclear periphery in G2 and their associations are disrupted in mitosis. Mitotic centromeres interact with the spindle. They remain undivided until the spindle reaches a critical length, then separate and move towards the poles. This demonstrated, for the first time, that anaphase A occurs in fission yeast. The mode of anaphase A and B is similar to that of higher eukaryotes. In nda3 and cut7 mutants defective in tubulin of a kinesin-related motor, cells are blocked in early stages of mitosis due to the absence of the spindle, and centromeres dissociate but remain close to the SPB, whereas in a metaphase-arrested nuc2 mutant, they reside at the middle of the spindle. FISH is therefore a powerful tool for analyzing mitotic chromosome movement and disjunction using various mutants. Surprisingly, in top2 defective in DNA topoisomerase II, while most chromatid DNAs remain undivided, sister centromeres are separated. Significance of this finding is discussed. In contrast, most chromatid DNAs are separated but telomeric DNAs are not in cut1 mutant. In cut1, the dependence of SPB duplication on the completion of mitosis is abolished. In crm1 mutant cells defective in higher-order chromosome organization, the interphase arrangements of centromeres and telomeres are disrupted.