Nitrogen fixation does not axiomatically lead to phosphorus limitation in aquatic ecosystems

Nitrogen fixation does not axiomatically lead to phosphorus limitation in aquatic ecosystems
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固氮不会理所当然地导致水生生态系统中磷的限制

DOI:
10.1111/oik.05246
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
de Klein, Jeroen J.
de Klein, Jeroen J.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
van Gerven, Luuk P.;Kuiper, Jan J.;Mooij, Wolf M.;Janse, Jan H.;Paerl, Hans W.;de Klein, Jeroen J.

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生态学中的一个长期争论涉及氮和磷在水生生态系统管理和恢复中的作用。有人认为,减少营养盐的战略,以打击浮游植物或漂浮植物的水华应该只集中在磷(P)。基本论点是,减少氮(N)投入是无效的,因为固氮物种将弥补氮的不足,从而使初级生产的磷限制永久化。然而,对这一原则的机械理解是不完整的。在这里,我们使用资源竞争理论,一个复杂的动态生态系统模型和32年的富营养化,漂浮植物占主导地位的生态系统的现场数据集显示,非固氮物种的生长可以成为N限制下高P和低N输入,即使在固氮物种的存在。N2固定者通常需要比非N2固定者更高的P浓度才能持续存在。因此,N2固定者不能耗尽足够的P浓度,使非N2固定社区成为P限制,因为它们会被竞争击败。这些发现为考虑减少N和P输入以最有效地恢复营养过度富集的水生生态系统提供了可测试的机制基础。
A long‐standing debate in ecology deals with the role of nitrogen and phosphorus in management and restoration of aquatic ecosystems. It has been argued that nutrient reduction strategies to combat blooms of phytoplankton or floating plants should solely focus on phosphorus (P). The underlying argument is that reducing nitrogen (N) inputs is ineffective because N2‐fixing species will compensate for N deficits, thus perpetuating P limitation of primary production. A mechanistic understanding of this principle is, however, incomplete. Here, we use resource competition theory, a complex dynamic ecosystem model and a 32‐year field data set on eutrophic, floating‐plant dominated ecosystems to show that the growth of non‐N2‐fixing species can become N limited under high P and low N inputs, even in the presence of N2fixing species. N2‐fixers typically require higher P concentrations than non‐N2‐fixers to persist. Hence, the N2fixers cannot deplete the P concentration enough for the non‐N2‐fixing community to become P limited because they would be outcompeted. These findings provide a testable mechanistic basis for the need to consider the reduction of both N and P inputs to most effectively restore nutrient over‐enriched aquatic ecosystems.
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