Genetically determined differences in learning from errors
Genetically determined differences in learning from errors
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1145044
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发表时间：
2007-12-07
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
Ullsperger, Markus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Klein, Tilmann A.;Neumann, Jane;Ullsperger, Markus
多巴胺在监测消极行动结果和基于反馈的学习中的作用在根据多巴胺D2受体基因多态性DRD 2-TAQ-IA分组的人类神经成像研究中进行了测试。在概率学习任务中，多巴胺D2受体密度降低的A1等位基因携带者学会了避免产生负面后果的行为。他们的后内侧额叶皮层（pMFC），参与反馈监测，比其他人的负反馈反应更少。动态变化的pMFC和海马之间的相互作用，发现基于反馈的学习减少A1等位基因携带者。这表明从错误中学习需要多巴胺能信号。多巴胺D2受体减少似乎降低了对消极行为后果的敏感性，这可能解释了A1等位基因携带者发展成瘾行为的风险增加。
The role of dopamine in monitoring negative action outcomes and feedback-based learning was tested in a neuroimaging study in humans grouped according to the dopamine D2 receptor gene polymorphism DRD2-TAQ-IA. In a probabilistic learning task, A1-allele carriers with reduced dopamine D2 receptor densities learned to avoid actions with negative consequences less efficiently. Their posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC), involved in feedback monitoring, responded less to negative feedback than others' did. Dynamically changing interactions between pMFC and hippocampus found to underlie feedback-based learning were reduced in A1-allele carriers. This demonstrates that learning from errors requires dopaminergic signaling. Dopamine D2 receptor reduction seems to decrease sensitivity to negative action consequences, which may explain an increased risk of developing addictive behaviors in A1-allele carriers.