IR/UV mixing from local similarity maps of scalar non-Hermitian field theories

IR/UV mixing from local similarity maps of scalar non-Hermitian field theories
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来自标量非厄米场论的局部相似图的红外/紫外混合

DOI:
10.1103/physrevd.105.076020
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Chernodub M
Chernodub M
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chernodub M

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我们建议“规范”组的相似性变换,作用于一个空间的非厄米标量理论。我们介绍了“相似规范场”,它作为一个规范连接的非厄米特理论的特点(相当于厄米特)实值质谱的空间。这种扩展导致了新的效应:如果质量矩阵在遥远的空间区域不相同,但它的本征值在两个区域成对重合,粒子质量在整个时空中保持不变,使模型与标准的,低能的,标量的厄米特模型无法区分。然而,与厄米的情况相反,高能标量粒子在特定的波长处变得不稳定,该波长由出射相似规范场的强度决定。这种不稳定性对应于动量相关的例外点,其位置无法通过孤立地分析坐标相关的平方质量矩阵的特征值来确定,正如人们可能天真地预期的那样。对于质量为1 MeV量级的标量粒子的二重态,在1米的距离处相似规范旋转为1阶,对质量的修正大约为,这使得低能谱上没有实验可检测的印记。然而,不稳定性发生在可探测的超高能宇宙射线的能量范围内,从而使这种真正的非厄米效应及其对高能粒子物理学的现象学意义的概括。
We propose to “gauge” the group of similarity transformations that acts on a space of non-Hermitian scalar theories. We introduce the “similarity gauge field,” which acts as a gauge connection on the space of non-Hermitian theories characterized by (and equivalent to a Hermitian) real-valued mass spectrum. This extension leads to new effects: if the mass matrix is not the same in distant regions of space, but its eigenvalues coincide pairwise in both regions, the particle masses stay constant in the whole spacetime, making the model indistinguishable from a standard, low-energy, and scalar Hermitian one. However, contrary to the Hermitian case, the high-energy scalar particles become unstable at a particular wavelength determined by the strength of the emergent similarity gauge field. This instability corresponds to momentum-dependent exceptional points, whose locations cannot be identified from an analysis of the eigenvalues of the coordinate-dependent squared-mass matrix in isolation, as one might naively have expected. For a doublet of scalar particles with masses of the order of 1 MeV and a similarity gauge rotation of order unity at distances of 1 meter, the corrections to the masses are about, which makes no experimentally detectable imprint on the low-energy spectrum. However, the instability occurs at, suggestively in the energy range of detectable ultra-high-energy cosmic rays, thereby making this truly non-Hermitian effect and its generalizations of phenomenological interest for high-energy particle physics.
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