Implicit Self-Stigma in People With Mental Illness
Implicit Self-Stigma in People With Mental Illness
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DOI：
10.1097/nmd.0b013e3181cc43b5
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发表时间：
2010-02-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Bodenhausen, Galen V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ruesch, Nicolas;Corrigan, Patrick W.;Bodenhausen, Galen V.
精神疾病患者往往将负面的刻板印象内化，导致自我耻辱和低自尊（“精神疾病患者很坏，因此我也很坏”）。尽管有强有力的证据表明自我羞辱的负面影响，自我报告的措施进行评估，目前还不清楚是否自我羞辱的自动操作，隐含的方式，潜在的意识和控制之外。因此，我们评估了（一）消极的内隐态度精神疾病和（二）低内隐自尊使用2个简短的内隐联想测试85人与精神疾病。内隐自我污名操作的产品，这两个内隐措施。通过自我报告评估明确的自我耻辱和生活质量。在控制了抑郁症状、诊断和人口统计学变量后，更大的内隐和外显自我耻辱独立预测了更低的生活质量。我们的研究结果表明，内隐自我污名是一个可测量的结构，并与负面结果。减少自我污名化的努力应考虑到内隐过程。
People with mental illness often internalize negative stereotypes, resulting in self-stigma and low self-esteem ("People with mental illness are bad and therefore I am bad, too"). Despite strong evidence for self-stigma's negative impact as assessed by self-report measures, it is unclear whether self-stigma operates in an automatic, implicit manner, potentially outside conscious awareness and control. We therefore assessed (i) negative implicit attitudes toward mental illness and (ii) low implicit self-esteem using 2 Brief Implicit Association Tests in 85 people with mental illness. Implicit self-stigma was operationalized as the product of both implicit measures. Explicit self-stigma and quality of life were assessed by self-report. Greater implicit and explicit self-stigma independently predicted lower quality of life after controlling for depressive symptoms, diagnosis, and demographic variables. Our results suggest that implicit self-stigma is a measurable construct and is associated with negative outcomes. Attempts to reduce self-stigma should take implicit processes into account.