Points regarding cell transplantation for the treatment of spinal cord injury.
Points regarding cell transplantation for the treatment of spinal cord injury.
复制标题
DOI：
10.4103/1673-5374.187021
复制
发表时间：
2016-07
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Kanekiyo K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ide C;Kanekiyo K
包括骨髓基质细胞（BMSC）、骨髓单核细胞（BMNC）和脉络丛上皮细胞（CPEC）的体细胞的移植增强再生轴突的生长并促进运动改善。它们不整合到宿主脊髓中，但在移植后2-3周内消失。再生的轴突在脊髓损伤处延伸通过充满结缔组织基质的星形胶质细胞缺失区域。再生轴突具有周围神经的特征：它们与许旺细胞相关，并嵌入结缔组织基质中。已经表明，从BMSC和CPECs分泌的神经营养因子促进脊髓再生的“内在”能力。移植的许旺细胞长期存活，并整合到宿主脊髓中，作为脊髓再生轴突生长的有效支架。克服了轴突在病变边缘处被阻止延伸穿过胶质瘢痕的缺点。许旺细胞已被批准用于临床应用。神经干/祖细胞（neural stem/progenitor cells，NSPCs）在移植后能长期存活、增殖并分化为神经胶质细胞和/或神经元。目前还没有方法可以操纵和控制NPSC的行为，使其适当地整合到宿主脊髓中。NPSP移植并不一定能有效改善运动功能。
Transplantation of somatic cells, including bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs), bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNCs), and choroid plexus epithelial cells (CPECs), enhances the outgrowth of regenerating axons and promotes locomotor improvements. They are not integrated into the host spinal cord, but disappear within 2-3 weeks after transplantation. Regenerating axons extend at the spinal cord lesion through the astrocyte-devoid area that is filled with connective tissue matrices. Regenerating axons have characteristics of peripheral nerves: they are associated with Schwann cells, and embedded in connective tissue matrices. It has been suggested that neurotrophic factors secreted from BMSCs and CPECs promote “intrinsic” ability of the spinal cord to regenerate. Transplanted Schwann cells survive long-term, and are integrated into the host spinal cord, serving as an effective scaffold for the outgrowth of regenerating axons in the spinal cord. The disadvantage that axons are blocked to extend through the glial scar at the border of the lesion is overcome. Schwann cells have been approved for clinical applications. Neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) survive long-term, proliferate, and differentiate into glial cells and/or neurons after transplantation. No method is available at present to manipulate and control the behaviors of NPSCs to allow them to appropriately integrate into the host spinal cord. NPSP transplantation is not necessarily effective for locomotor improvement.