DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS ON TONIC AND PHASIC REFLEX MECHANISMS PRODUCED BY VIBRATION OF MUSCLES IN MAN
DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS ON TONIC AND PHASIC REFLEX MECHANISMS PRODUCED BY VIBRATION OF MUSCLES IN MAN
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DOI：
10.1136/jnnp.29.1.1
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发表时间：
1966-01-01
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
NEILSON, PD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DEGAIL, P;LANCE, JW;NEILSON, PD
人体肌肉的振动抑制了相反射，如肌腱抽搐和h反射，而强直性收缩则缓慢发展。这些影响假设归因于拉伸敏感肌纺锤体受体对振动的反应所引起的群神经传入脉冲的重复训练。这种传入放电抑制了与相性单突触反射有关的同名α运动神经元的兴奋性，并激活了终止于强直性α运动神经元的多突触通路。抑郁部分被强化克服，发生在脊髓损伤水平以下。h反射恢复的时间与肌肉神经传入破伤风后以相同频率振动恢复的时间相似。普鲁卡因对腹部肌肉的浸润使强直性收缩减弱；单侧神经根受压和双侧脊髓病变水平以下的患者在屈曲侧缺失；2例单侧小脑病变受累侧减少或缺失；静脉注射硫喷妥酮和汽巴28,882-Ba；在没有H或M反应的情况下，由腘窝内侧神经的强直性收缩产生。反射依赖于棘上中枢，可能是小脑。不同的强直和相位机制在解释某些临床状态下观察到的肌张力和肌腱痉挛的二分法时可能是重要的。此外，肌肉振动对这些机制的不同影响可能有助于运动障碍的分析。
Vibration of muscle in human subjects depressed phasic reflexes, such as tendon jerks and the H-reflex, while tonic contraction slowly developed. These effects are hypothetically attributed to repetitive trains of group la afferent impulses elicited by stretch-sensitive muscle spindle receptors responding to vibration. Such afferent discharge depresses excitability of homonymous alpha motor neurons concerned with phasic monosynaptic reflexes and activates a polysynaptic pathway terminating on tonic alpha motor neurons. Depression was partly overcome by reinforcement and occurred below the level of a spinal cord lesion. Recovery of the H-reflex occurred in a time period similar to that for recovery following afferent tetanization of the muscle nerve at the same frequency as vibration. Tonic contraction was diminished by procaine infiltration of the muscle belly; absent on the areflexic side in patients with unilateral nerve root compression and bilaterally below the level of spinal cord lesions; diminished or absent on the side affected by unilateral cerebellar lesions in 2 patients; abolished by the intravenous injection of thiopentone and Ciba 28,882-Ba; and produced by tetanic contraction of the medial popiteal nerve in the absence of H or M responses. The reflex depends upon supraspinal centers, possibly the cerebellum. Separate tonic and phasic mechanisms in man may be of importance in explaning the dichotomy between muscle tone and tendon jerks observed in certain clinical states. In addition the differential effects of muscle vibration on these mechanisms may aid in the analysis of motor disorders.