Measuring active and healthy ageing in Europe
Measuring active and healthy ageing in Europe
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DOI：
10.1177/0958928716676550
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发表时间：
2017-05-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Marin, Bernd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zaidi, Asghar;Gasior, Katrin;Marin, Bernd
这里报告的积极和健康老龄化指标是针对欧盟28个国家计算的，特别侧重于当代老年人，并使用了多项调查的最新数据。它涵盖积极和健康老龄化的各个方面，不仅衡量老年人在就业方面的贡献，而且还衡量他们在家庭、社会和文化方面的无偿贡献以及他们独立、健康和有保障的生活。这篇文章介绍了关于积极和健康老龄化的文献中第一个关于积极和健康老龄化的定量衡量标准，到目前为止，主要集中在概念、定义和公共政策战略上。在这方面，这项被称为积极老龄化指数(AAI)的衡量标准的一个重要贡献是，它还反映了各国在促进积极健康老龄化的能力和有利环境方面的差异。AAI不仅提供了积极和健康老龄化的四个领域的细分，而且还提供了性别的细分。主要调查结果显示，瑞典位居榜首，紧随其后的是丹麦、英国、芬兰、荷兰和爱尔兰。南欧四国(意大利、葡萄牙、西班牙和马耳他)排名居中。希腊和许多中欧国家垫底，凸显了这些国家老年人积极健康老龄化尚未开发的更大潜力，需要作出更大的政策努力。在大多数国家，女性的情况比男性更糟糕，这表明有必要强调在积极健康的老龄化经历中缩小性别差距。开发的AAI工具有可能确定积极和健康老龄化不同成就背后的社会政策机制，例如，哪些积极和健康的老龄化战略推动了表现最好的国家，以及排名最低的国家在哪些方面落后。
The active and healthy ageing measure reported here is calculated for the 28 European Union countries, with a specific focus on the current generation of older people and by using the latest data from multiple surveys. It covers diverse aspects of active and healthy ageing, by measuring older people's contribution with respect to not just employment but also their unpaid familial, social and cultural contributions and their independent, healthy and secure living. The article presents the first-of-its-kind quantitative measure of active and healthy ageing in the literature on active and healthy ageing which hitherto has focused largely on concepts, definitions and public policy strategies. In this pursuit, an important contribution of this measure, referred to as the Active Ageing Index ('AAI'), is that it also captures how countries differ with respect to capacity and enabling environments for active and healthy ageing. The AAI offers a breakdown not just by four domains of active and healthy ageing but also by gender. Key findings are that Sweden comes at the top of the country ranking, followed closely by Denmark, the United Kingdom, Finland, the Netherlands and Ireland. The four southern European countries (Italy, Portugal, Spain and Malta) are middle-ranked countries. Greece and many of the Central European countries are at the bottom, highlighting much greater untapped potentials of active and healthy ageing among older people in these countries and a need for greater policy efforts. Women fare worse than men in most countries, identifying a need for an emphasis on reducing gender disparity in experiences of active and healthy ageing. The AAI tool developed has the potential to identify the social policy mechanisms behind the differential achievements of active and healthy ageing, for example, what active and healthy ageing strategies have driven top performers, and in what respect the bottom-ranked countries have lagged behind.