GPS mobility as a digital biomarker of negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a case control study
GPS mobility as a digital biomarker of negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a case control study
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DOI：
10.1038/s41746-019-0182-1
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发表时间：
2019-11-08
影响因子：
15.2
通讯作者：
Granholm, Eric L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Depp, Colin A.;Bashem, Jesse;Granholm, Eric L.
流动性是慢性病患者身体、认知和心理健康的重要相关因素，可以通过手机全球定位卫星 (GPS) 传感器进行被动测量。迄今为止，一些精神分裂症研究中已经报道了 GPS 数据，但尚不清楚这些数据是否与同时发生的瞬时位置报告相关，是否因精神分裂症患者和健康对照对象的不同而有所不同，或者是否与精神分裂症的症状群相关。共有 142 名精神分裂症参与者 (n = 86) 或健康对照受试者 (n = 56) 完成了为期 7 天的位置和行为生态瞬时评估 (EMA) 报告，并且每五分钟跟踪一次同步 GPS 位置。我们发现，GPS 得出的总体平均行驶距离和离家距离的指标以及家中 GPS 样本的百分比与 EMA 日平均和周平均位置报告高度相关。精神分裂症患者基于 GPS 的移动性指标较低，且效应大小为中等到大。较少的 GPS 移动性与较大的负面症状严重程度相关，特别是动机减弱，而较大的 GPS 移动性与更多的社区功能关联较弱。神经认知、抑郁和阳性症状与活动能力指标无关。因此，被动 GPS 传感可以为精神分裂症的重要结果（包括阴性症状和可能的功能）提供低负担的替代测量。因此，被动 GPS 传感可用于监测和及时干预精神分裂症高危青少年的阴性症状。
Mobility is an important correlate of physical, cognitive, and mental health in chronic illness, and can be measured passively with mobile phone global positional satellite (GPS) sensors. To date, GPS data have been reported in a few studies of schizophrenia, yet it is unclear whether these data correlate with concurrent momentary reports of location, vary by people with schizophrenia and healthy comparison subjects, or associate with symptom clusters in schizophrenia. A total of 142 participants with schizophrenia (n = 86) or healthy comparison subjects (n = 56) completed 7 days of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) reports of location and behavior, and simultaneous GPS locations were tracked every five minutes. We found that GPS-derived indicators of average distance travelled overall and distance from home, as well as percent of GPS samples at home were highly correlated with EMA reports of location at the day- and week-averaged level. GPS-based mobility indicators were lower in schizophrenia with medium to large effect sizes. Less GPS mobility was related to greater negative symptom severity, particularly diminished motivation, whereas greater GPS mobility was weakly associated with more community functioning. Neurocognition, depression, and positive symptoms were not associated with mobility indicators. Therefore, passive GPS sensing could provide a low-burden proxy measure of important outcomes in schizophrenia, including negative symptoms and possibly of functioning. As such, passive GPS sensing could be used for monitoring and timely interventions for negative symptoms in young persons at high risk for schizophrenia.