Warming, not CO2-acidified seawater, alters otolith development of juvenile Antarctic emerald rockcod (Trematomus bernacchii)
Warming, not CO2-acidified seawater, alters otolith development of juvenile Antarctic emerald rockcod (Trematomus bernacchii)
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DOI：
10.1007/s00300-021-02923-3
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发表时间：
2021-08-07
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Todgham, Anne E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Naslund, Andrew W.;Davis, Brittany E.;Todgham, Anne E.
化石燃料的燃烧目前正在全球范围内造成海洋迅速变暖和酸化。这些参数的预计变化已被反复观察到，从分子到生物体层面强调了许多海洋物种的生理极限和可塑性。高纬度海洋是变化最快的生态系统之一;因此，极地物种预计是最容易受到气候变化影响的物种之一。南极物种对环境变化特别敏感，因为它们在稳定的海洋条件下进化了数百万年。耳石是在鱼类内耳中发现的钙化结构，用于感知运动和方向，已被证明会受到温带和热带鱼类变暖和二氧化碳酸化海水的影响，但迄今为止还没有关于南极鱼类的研究。在这项研究中，青少年翡翠rockcod（Trematomus bernacchii）暴露于2100年超过28天的预计海水变暖和CO2酸化。分析了陨石的面积、周长、长度、宽度和形状的变化。我们发现，海洋变暖增加了耳石的生长速度，而CO2酸化的海水和变暖和酸化的相互作用并没有对耳石的发展产生影响。温度升高也改变了耳石的形状。如果耳石发育在未来变暖的情况下发生变化，听觉、定向和运动等感觉功能可能会受到损害。这些基本的躯体能力的变化可能对南极鱼类早期生命阶段的一般能力和生态产生广泛的影响。
The combustion of fossil fuels is currently causing rapid rates of ocean warming and acidification worldwide. Projected changes in these parameters have been repeatedly observed to stress the physiological limits and plasticity of many marine species from the molecular to organismal levels. High latitude oceans are among the fastest changing ecosystems; therefore, polar species are projected to be some of the most vulnerable to climate change. Antarctic species are particularly sensitive to environmental change, having evolved for millions of years under stable ocean conditions. Otoliths, calcified structures found in a fish's inner ear used to sense movement and direction, have been shown to be affected by both warming and CO2-acidified seawater in temperate and tropical fishes but there is no work to date on Antarctic fishes. In this study, juvenile emerald rockcod (Trematomus bernacchii) were exposed to projected seawater warming and CO2-acidification for the year 2100 over 28 days. Sagittal otoliths were analyzed for changes in area, perimeter, length, width and shape. We found ocean warming increased the growth rate of otoliths, while CO2-acidified seawater and the interaction of warming and acidification did not have an effect on otolith development. Elevated temperature also altered the shape of otoliths. If otolith development is altered under future warming scenarios, sensory functions such as hearing, orientation, and movement may potentially be impaired. Changes in these basic somatic abilities could have broad implications for the general capabilities and ecology of early life stages of Antarctic fishes.