Virus-like particles: a self-assembled toolbox for cancer therapy
Virus-like particles: a self-assembled toolbox for cancer therapy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.100808
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发表时间：
2022-03-01
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Gassensmith，J. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shahrivarkevishahi，A.;Hagge，L. M.;Gassensmith，J. J.
基于纳米颗粒的治疗剂已应用于从癌症诊断到治疗的广泛临床和临床前应用中。已经开发了广泛的合成和天然存在的材料，如聚合物、金属氧化物、硅酸盐、脂质体和碳纳米管，以克服小分子治疗中的关键障碍，包括细胞内运输、细胞/组织靶向、不良的生物分布和低效率。病毒样颗粒-基于病毒纳米结构的工程化和非感染性自组装系统-是克服这些限制的新方法，因为它们是一种基于蛋白质的纳米材料，紧密模仿病毒的高度对称和多价构象，同时缺乏病毒基因组。它们固有的生物相容性、生物可降解性、单分散性、温和的免疫原性和安全性，加上化学修饰这些系统内表面和外表面的能力，为科学家提供了一种高度可定制的工具来设计和设计多组分治疗剂。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了这些系统如何被用于广泛的癌症治疗，包括光疗，免疫治疗，基因治疗和化疗。
Nanoparticle-based therapeutics have been applied in a broad range of clinical and preclinical applications from diagnosis to treatment for cancer. A wide range of synthetic and naturally occurring materials, such as polymers, metal oxides, silicate, liposomes, and carbon nanotubes, have been developed to overcome key barriers in small molecule therapeutics, including intracellular trafficking, cell/tissue targeting, poor biodistribution, and low efficiency. Virus-like particles—engineered and non-infectious self-assembling systems based on viral nanostructures—are new approach toward overcoming these limitations, as they are a protein-based nanomaterial that closely mimics the highly symmetrical and polyvalent conformation of viruses while lacking the viral genomes. Their innate biocompatibility, biodegradability, monodispersity, mild immunogenicity, and safety combined with the capacity to chemically modify the interior and exterior surfaces of these systems offer scientists a highly customizable tool to design and engineer multicomponent therapeutic agents. In this review, we discuss how these systems have been used in a wide array of cancer treatments, including phototherapy, immunotherapy, gene therapy, and chemotherapy.