An integrated media, integrated processes watershed model
An integrated media, integrated processes watershed model
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DOI：
10.1016/j.compfluid.2010.11.018
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发表时间：
2011-06
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
G. Yeh;D. Shih;Jing-Ru C. Cheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Yeh;D. Shih;Jing-Ru C. Cheng
基于参数的集总流域模型已被广泛用于综合地表水和地下水建模，以计算各种时间和空间尺度的水文状况的地表径流。基于物理的，过程级的，分布式的模型，具有设计能力，以涵盖多媒体和多进程，并适用于各种规模一直到20世纪90年代末几乎不存在。人们早就认识到，只有这样的模型有潜力进一步了解发生在自然水文制度的基本因素，给出机械预测，最重要的是能够耦合和互动的天气/气候模型。然而，这些模型存在严重的限制，抑制了它们的使用。这些是，除其他事项外，特设的各种媒体之间的耦合方法，简化模型的陆地和/或河流流量，以及计算时间的过度需求。本文提出了一个综合的媒体（河流/溪流网络，陆上政权，地下媒体），综合过程（蒸发，蒸散，渗透，补给和流量）流域模型来解决这些问题。严格的耦合策略之间的相互作用描述了陆上政权，河流/溪流/运河网络，和地下介质。包括模拟地表径流和河流水力学的各种选择的必要性进行了强调。指出了二维问题特征波方向的选择方法。讨论了实现高性能计算以提高计算速度的问题。四个例子被用来证明的灵活性和效率的模型，适用于理论基准规模，并行计算，和两个项目级的大规模问题-一个在台湾，另一个在佛罗里达。
Parametric-based, lumped watershed models have been widely employed for integrated surface and groundwater modelling to calculate surface runoff on various temporal and spatial scales of hydrologic regimes. Physics-based, process-level, distributed models that have the design capability to cover multimedia and multi-processes and are applicable to various scales have been practically nonexistent until late 1990s. It has long been recognized that only such models have the potential to further the understanding of the fundamental factors that take place in nature hydrologic regimes; to give mechanistic predictions; and most importantly to be able to couple and interact with weather/climate models. However, there are severe limitations with these models that inhibit their use. These are, among other things, the ad hoc approaches of coupling between various media, the simplification of modelling overland and/or river flow, and the excessive demand of computational time. This paper presents the development of an integrated media (river/stream networks, overland regime, and subsurface media), integrated processes (evaporation, evapotranspiration, infiltration, recharges, and flows) watershed model to address these issues. Rigorous coupling strategies are described for interactions among overland regime, rivers/streams/canals networks, and subsurface media. The necessities to include various options in modelling surface runoff and river hydraulics are emphasized. The options of selecting characteristic wave directions for two-dimensional problems are stated. The implementation of high performance computing to increase the computational speed is discussed. Four examples are used to demonstrate the flexibility and efficiency of the model as applied to a theoretical benchmark scale, a parallel computing, and two project-level large scale problems – one in Taiwan and the other in Florida.