Evolution and Developmental Diversity of Skin Spines in Pufferfishes
Evolution and Developmental Diversity of Skin Spines in Pufferfishes
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DOI：
10.1016/j.isci.2019.06.003
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发表时间：
2019-07
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
T. Shono;Alexandre P. Thiery;Rory L. Cooper;D. Kurokawa;R. Britz;M. Okabe;G. Fraser
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Shono;Alexandre P. Thiery;Rory L. Cooper;D. Kurokawa;R. Britz;M. Okabe;G. Fraser
硬骨鱼的皮肤上有各种各样的装饰物。这些结构的发育基础尚不清楚。四齿形目包括各种各样的鱼类，如海洋太阳鱼、扳机鱼和河豚鱼，它们表现出各种各样的鳞片衍生物。河豚鱼拥有一些最极端的鳞片衍生物，真皮刺，在它们特有的膨胀行为中竖立起来。我们证明了河豚的无鳞棘是通过保守的基因相互作用形成的，这种基因相互作用是一般脊椎动物皮肤附属物（包括羽毛和毛发）形成的基础。脊柱发育保留了EDA（外胞质异常蛋白）信号通路的保护，这对多种脊椎动物皮肤附着物的发育很重要，包括这些改良的河豚无鳞棘。来自CRISPR-Cas9和小分子抑制的遗传信号的进一步修饰导致脊柱覆盖的丧失或减少，这为在河豚中观察到的皮肤附属物多样化提供了一种机制。河豚的刺在身体覆盖范围上有很大的变化，使其能够适应不同的生态位。
Teleost fishes develop remarkable varieties of skin ornaments. The developmental basis of these structures is poorly understood. The order Tetraodontiformes includes diverse fishes such as the ocean sunfishes, triggerfishes, and pufferfishes, which exhibit a vast assortment of scale derivatives. Pufferfishes possess some of the most extreme scale derivatives, dermal spines, erected during their characteristic puffing behavior. We demonstrate that pufferfish scale-less spines develop through conserved gene interactions that underlie general vertebrate skin appendage formation, including feathers and hair. Spine development retains conservation of the EDA (ectodysplasin) signaling pathway, important for the development of diverse vertebrate skin appendages, including these modified scale-less spines of pufferfish. Further modification of genetic signaling from both CRISPR-Cas9 and small molecule inhibition leads to loss or reduction of spine coverage, providing a mechanism for skin appendage diversification observed throughout the pufferfishes. Pufferfish spines have evolved broad variations in body coverage, enabling adaptation to diverse ecological niches.