Irrigation plays significantly different roles in influencing hydrological processes in two breadbasket regions
Irrigation plays significantly different roles in influencing hydrological processes in two breadbasket regions
复制标题
灌溉在影响两个粮仓地区水文过程方面发挥着显着不同的作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157253
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Yang, Yun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, Yiming;Zhou, Yuyu;Franz, Kristie J.;Zhang, Xuesong;Qi, Junyu;Jia, Gensuo;Yang, Yun
农业是用水大户，特别是在依赖灌溉支持农业生产的干旱和干旱易发地区。近年来，由于气候变化、人口增长和集约化农业灌溉加剧了地下水的过度开采，导致水位下降，影响了水循环。了解水文过程的变化对于追求水的可持续性至关重要。本研究旨在评估中国京津冀（JJJ）和美国德克萨斯州北部（NTX）两个产粮区的灌溉量及其对水文过程的影响。利用SWAT分析了2008 - 2013年灌溉的时空变化特征，并比较了灌溉引起的水文过程变化。结果表明，缺水灌溉在京津冀地区比NTX地区更为普遍，在集约灌溉农田地区，缺水灌溉可减少约50%的灌溉用水量。在NTX中灌水量随时间变化较小，而在JJJ中则有波动。与NTX相比，JJJ灌溉强度越高，下游峰值流量变化越显著，约为6 m3/s。此外，由于作物生长季节的不同，灌溉对水文过程的影响也不同。例如，JJJ和NTX的地表径流量在真实情况下相对于无灌溉情况的变化百分比最大，约为40%。但变化的高峰发生在不同的时间，jj的冬小麦在5月接近成熟，NTX的玉米在8月接近成熟。通过采用节水灌溉技术减少地下水开采的巨大潜力要求制定政策和法规，帮助农民转向更可持续的水管理做法。
Agriculture is a major water user, especially in dry and drought-prone areas that rely on irrigation to support agricultural production. In recent years, the over-extraction of groundwater, exacerbated by climate change, population growth, and intensive agricultural irrigation, has led to a drop in water levels and influenced the hydrological cycle. Understanding changes in hydrological processes is essential for pursuing water sustainability. This study aims to estimate the amount and impact of irrigation on hydrological processes in two breadbasket regions, Jing-Jin-Ji (JJJ), China, and northern Texas (NTX), US. We used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) to explore spatiotemporal variations of irrigation from 2008 to 2013 and compared changes in hydrological processes caused by irrigation. The results indicated that deficit irrigation is more common in JJJ than in NTX and can reduce approximately 50 % of irrigation water use in areas with intensively irrigated cropland. The applied irrigation varies less over time in NTX but fluctuates in JJJ. Compared with NTX, the higher irrigation intensity in JJJ results in a more significant change in downstream peak streamflow of around 6 m3/s. Moreover, the difference in crop growing seasons can lead to different impacts of irrigation on hydrological processes. For example, the percentage change of surface runoff under real-world relative to the no-irrigation scenario was the greatest, around 40 %, in JJJ and NTX. However, the peak change occurred at different times, with the nearing maturity of winter wheat in May in JJJ and corn in August in NTX. The great potential to reduce groundwater extraction by adopting water conservation irrigation techniques calls for policies and regulations to help farmers shift towards more sustainable water management practices.