The Dependence of Tumor Formation on the Degree of Caloric Restriction
The Dependence of Tumor Formation on the Degree of Caloric Restriction
复制标题
肿瘤形成对热量限制程度的依赖性
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1945
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Tannenbaum
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Tannenbaum
在以前的出版物中（4，5），已经报道了饮食的热量限制导致小鼠肿瘤形成的抑制。无论是通过仅减少饮食中的碳水化合物成分（所谓的热量限制本身）还是通过喂少量的自由采食量（所有成分都按比例限制）来获得限制，都会产生这种效果。在我们的实验室中，热量限制的抑制作用已被证明对自发性乳腺癌和肺肿瘤以及诱发性上皮瘤和肉瘤。由于热量限制以类似的方式影响这四种不同类型的肿瘤，有人指出，一定涉及某种普遍的影响：早期麦凯和他的同事（2）指出，大鼠的肿瘤也受到类似的抑制。其他工作者扩展了对乳腺肿瘤的观察（8，9），并且热量限制对诱导性和自发性白血病的抑制作用也已得到证实（3，9）。在所有这些工作中，对照组与限制组进行了比较，限制组的热量摄入量约为随意摄入量的60%或更少。我们选择这个限制水平是出于实际考虑;它大约是这样一个水平，在普通护理下，很难维持一组小鼠，使它们至少活到平均寿命。事实上，正如以前的工作所示（4，5），限制在这样一个水平的小鼠实际上平均比那些没有发展肿瘤的对照小鼠活得更长。几年来，我们一直在进行一系列的实验，在这些实验中，使用了不止一个受限制的群体;在这里，受限制的群体在限制程度上是不同的。这些实验中的第一个（定量的分级限制）在早期的出版物（4，第339页）中有报道。在目前的前-
In previous publications (4, 5) it has been reported that caloric restriction of the diet causes an inhibition of tumor formation in the mouse. This effect occurred whether the restriction was obtained by decreasing only the carbohydrate component of the diet (so-called caloric restriction per se) or by feeding smaller amounts of the ad libitum ration (all components restricted proportionately). In our laboratory, the inhibitory effect of caloric restriction has been demonstrated for spontaneous mammary and lung tumors and for induced epithelioma and sarcoma. Since caloric restriction affected these four different types in a similar manner it was pointed out that some general influence must be involved: Earlier McCay and his associates (2) had indicated that tumors of the rat are similarly inhibited. Other workers have extended the observations on mammary tumors (8, 9), and the inhibitory effect of caloric restriction has been dernonstrated also for induced and spontaneous leukemias (3, 9). In all this work the control group was compared with a restricted group whose caloric intake was approximately 60 per cent or less of the ad libitum intake. This level of restriction was chosen by us because of practical considerations; it is approximately the level below which, with ordinary care, it is difficult to maintain a group of mice so that they live at least the average life span. In fact, as has been shown in previous work (4, 5), mice restricted at such a level actually live longer on the average than even those control mice that do not develop tumors. For some years we.have been carrying on a series of experiments in which more than one restricted group was ernployed; here the restricted groups differed in the degree of restriction. The first of these experiments (graded restriction of the ration) was reported in an earlier publication (4, page 339). In the present ex-