Arylsulfatase activities in soils of the Black Forest/Germany-seasonal variation and effect of (NH4)2SO4 fertilization
Arylsulfatase activities in soils of the Black Forest/Germany-seasonal variation and effect of (NH4)2SO4 fertilization
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DOI：
10.1016/s0038-0717(01)00037-2
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发表时间：
2001-08
影响因子：
9.7
通讯作者：
J. Prietzel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Prietzel
在 24 个月和 30 个月的时间内，每季度测定德国黑森林两个高海拔地点（haplic podzol Schluchsee、dystric cambisol Villingen）土壤中的芳基硫酸酯酶活性。这两个地点都长有挪威云杉（Picea abies L. [Karst.]）森林。在每个研究地点，对一种未经处理的土壤和一种反复施以(NH4)2SO4（1988年、1991年和1994年为3×700kgha−1）的土壤进行了调查。芳基硫酸酯酶活性一般在森林地表中最高，在矿物表土中中等，在下土中最低。在大多数情况下，芳基硫酸酯酶活性的小规模（<10m2）空间变异超过了季节变化。在Schluchsee，芳基硫酸酯酶活性在夏季和秋季往往低于春季，并且与土壤渗流水中SO42−浓度的季节性波动成反比。在维林根，没有观察到土壤芳基硫酸酯酶活性的系统性季节性变化，土壤渗流水中的 SO42− 浓度也显示出较低的季节性变化。 1994 年第三次肥料修正后两年多的时间里，施有 (NH4)2SO4 肥料的土壤中的平均芳基硫酸酯酶活性与未处理的土壤相比显着下降。森林地面的下降幅度最大（−80%），但矿物表土（−70 至−80%）和下土（−45 至−60%）的下降幅度也相当大。施肥后土壤芳基硫酸酯酶活性下降的持续时间比土壤溶液中SO42−浓度升高的持续时间要长得多。这可能导致酶促硫酸酯降解减少，因此可能对受肥土壤 B 层中观察到的硫酸酯积累有很大贡献。
Arylsulfatase activities in the soil of two high-elevation sites in the Black Forest/Germany (haplic podzol Schluchsee, dystric cambisol Villingen) were determined in quarterly intervals over a period of 24 and 30months. Both sites are forested with Norway spruce (Picea abies L. [Karst.]). At each study site, one untreated soil and one soil fertilized repeatedly with (NH4)2SO4(3×700kgha−1in 1988, 1991, and 1994) was investigated. Arylsulfatase activities generally were highest in the forest floor, medium in the mineral topsoil and lowest in the subsoil. The small-scale (<10m2) spatial variability of arylsulfatase activity in most cases exceeded the seasonal variation. At Schluchsee, arylsulfatase activities tended to be lower in summer and autumn than in spring, and inversely followed the seasonal fluctuation of SO42−concentration in the soil seepage water. No systematic seasonal changes in soil arylsulfatase activities were observed for Villingen, where SO42−concentration in soil seepage water also showed lower seasonal variation. For more than 2years after the third fertilizer amendment in 1994, mean arylsulfatase activities in the (NH4)2SO4-fertilized soils were considerably decreased compared to the untreated soils. The decreases were largest in the forest floor (−80%), but also considerable in the mineral topsoil (−70 to −80%), and in the subsoil (−45 to −60%). The decrease in soil arylsulfatase activity after fertilization lasted considerably longer than the period of elevated SO42−concentration in the soil solution. This is likely to result in decreased enzymatic ester sulfate degradation, and thus may contribute substantially to the observed accumulation of ester sulfates in B horizons of the fertilized soils.