Adaptive brain size divergence in nine-spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius)?
Adaptive brain size divergence in nine-spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius)?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1420-9101.2009.01782.x
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Merila, J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gonda, A.;Herczeg, G.;Merila, J.
大多数寻求对大脑大小变异性提供进化解释的研究都依赖于种间比较，而利用生态差异种群来实现这一效果的种内研究却很少。我们研究了第一代实验室饲养的九刺刺鱼（Pungitius pungitius）的大脑大小和结构，这些鱼来自四个地理和基因上隔离的种群，这些种群的栖息地明显不同。我们发现海洋种群的嗅球和端脑的相对大小明显大于池塘种群。在大脑和小脑的相对大小方面也发现了显着但与栖息地无关的群体差异。嗅球和端脑相对大小的一致的、特定于栖息地的差异表明它们的适应性减少是为了响应池塘环境中（生物和非生物）栖息地复杂性的降低。总的来说，结果表明，基于遗传的大脑大小和结构差异可以相对较快地进化，并且在栖息地结构方面以可重复的方式进化。
Most studies seeking to provide evolutionary explanations for brain size variability have relied on interspecific comparisons, while intraspecific studies utilizing ecologically divergent populations to this effect are rare. We investigated the brain size and structure of first-generation laboratory-bred nine-spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius) from four geographically and genetically isolated populations originating from markedly different habitats. We found that the relative size of bulbus olfactorius and telencephalon was significantly larger in marine than in pond populations. Significant, but habitat-independent population differences were also found in relative brain and cerebellum sizes. The consistent, habitat-specific differences in the relative size of bulbus olfactorius and telencephalon suggest their adaptive reduction in response to reduced (biotic and abiotic) habitat complexity in pond environments. In general, the results suggest that genetically based brain size and structure differences can evolve relatively rapidly and in repeatable fashion with respect to habitat structure.