Advances in Simulating the Global Spatial Heterogeneity of Air Quality and Source Sector Contributions: Insights into the Global South
Advances in Simulating the Global Spatial Heterogeneity of Air Quality and Source Sector Contributions: Insights into the Global South
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.2c07253
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发表时间：
2023-04
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Dandan Zhang;R. Martin;Liam Bindle;Chi Li;S. Eastham;A. van Donkelaar;L. Gallardo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dandan Zhang;R. Martin;Liam Bindle;Chi Li;S. Eastham;A. van Donkelaar;L. Gallardo
由于局部化排放、非线性化学反馈和复杂的气象，高分辨率模拟对于解决细尺度空气污染模式至关重要。然而，对空气质量的高分辨率全球模拟仍然很少见，特别是对全球南部的模拟。在这里，我们利用GEOS-CHEM模型在其高性能实施方面的最新进展，于2015年在立方体球体C360(∼25公里)和C48(∼200公里)分辨率下进行为期一年的模拟。我们调查了人口暴露和部门对地表细颗粒物(PM2.5)和二氧化氮(NO2)的贡献的分辨率相关性，重点是研究不足的地区。我们的结果表明，在高分辨率(C360)下，初级(62-126%)和次要(26-35%)PM2.5物种具有显著的空间异质性，具有较大的全球种群加权归一化均方根差(PW-NRMSD)。发展中地区对稀疏污染热点造成的空间分辨率更加敏感，全球南部PM2.5的PW-NRMSD(33%)比全球高1.3倍。离散的南方城市PM2.5的PW-NRMSD(49%)显著高于更多集群的北方城市(28%)。我们发现，部门对人口暴露的贡献的相对顺序取决于模拟分辨率，这对特定地点的空气污染控制战略具有影响。
High-resolution simulations are essential to resolve fine-scale air pollution patterns due to localized emissions, nonlinear chemical feedbacks, and complex meteorology. However, high-resolution global simulations of air quality remain rare, especially of the Global South. Here, we exploit recent developments to the GEOS-Chem model in its high-performance implementation to conduct 1-year simulations in 2015 at cubed-sphere C360 (∼25 km) and C48 (∼200 km) resolutions. We investigate the resolution dependence of population exposure and sectoral contributions to surface fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), focusing on understudied regions. Our results indicate pronounced spatial heterogeneity at high resolution (C360) with large global population-weighted normalized root-mean-square difference (PW-NRMSD) across resolutions for primary (62–126%) and secondary (26–35%) PM2.5 species. Developing regions are more sensitive to spatial resolution resulting from sparse pollution hotspots, with PW-NRMSD for PM2.5 in the Global South (33%), 1.3 times higher than globally. The PW-NRMSD for PM2.5 for discrete southern cities (49%) is substantially higher than for more clustered northern cities (28%). We find that the relative order of sectoral contributions to population exposure depends on simulation resolution, with implications for location-specific air pollution control strategies.