Mucosal adjuvants
Mucosal adjuvants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.11.010
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发表时间：
2005-03-07
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Clements, JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freytag, LC;Clements, JD
口服免疫后免疫反应的诱导通常依赖于适当佐剂的共同施用，这些佐剂可以启动和支持从先天免疫到适应性免疫的过渡。最有可能作为粘膜佐剂的三种细菌产物是adp核糖基化肠毒素（霍乱毒素和大肠杆菌的热不稳定肠毒素）、含有未甲基化CpG二核苷酸的合成寡脱氧核苷酸（CpG ODN）和单磷酰脂质A （MPL）。adp -核糖基化肠毒素的佐剂性机制是相当有争议的主题。我们自己的观点是，辅助性是一种结果，而不是一个事件。这些分子很可能通过与多种细胞类型相互作用来发挥其辅助功能，包括上皮细胞、树突状细胞、巨噬细胞，可能还有B淋巴细胞和t淋巴细胞。CpG和MPL的佐剂活性是由于它们对先天和适应性免疫反应的几种不同作用，MPL和CpG都通过myd88依赖性和非依赖性途径起作用。本报告将总结这些不同粘膜佐剂的可能作用机制，并讨论这些分子与植物源性疫苗联合使用的潜在协同作用。(c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Induction of immune responses following oral immunization is frequently dependent upon the co-administration of appropriate adjuvants that can initiate and support the transition from innate to adaptive immunity. The three bacterial products with the greatest potential to function as mucosal adjuvants are the ADP-ribosylating enterotoxins (cholera toxin and the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli), synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG dinucleotides (CpG ODN), and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL). The mechanism of adjuvanticity of the ADP-ribosylating enterotoxins is the subject of considerable debate. Our own view is that adjuvanticity is an outcome and not an event. It is likely that these molecules exert their adjuvant function by interacting with a variety of cell types, including epithelial cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and possibly B- and T-lymphocytes. The adjuvant activities of CpG and MPL are due to several different effects they have on innate and adaptive immune responses and both MPL and CpG act through MyD88-dependent and -independent pathways. This presentation will summarize the probable mechanisms of action of these diverse mucosal adjuvants and discuss potential synergy between these molecules for use in conjunction with plant-derived vaccines. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.