Epigenetic mechanisms and models in the origins of asthma.
Epigenetic mechanisms and models in the origins of asthma.
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DOI：
10.1097/aci.0b013e32835ad0e7
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发表时间：
2013-02
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Holloway JW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Karmaus W;Ziyab AH;Everson T;Holloway JW
表观遗传机制能够在不改变遗传密码的情况下改变表型。表观遗传学的科学在最近几年有了相当大的发展，未来基于表观遗传学的治疗或预防策略是可能的。表观遗传学与哮喘的关系越来越受到人们的关注，因为遗传和环境因素一直无法独立解释哮喘的病因。最近的研究结果表明，环境和潜在的遗传序列变异都会影响DNA甲基化，而DNA甲基化似乎又会改变各种哮喘表型的遗传变异所带来的风险。特别是，DNA甲基化可以作为各种早期发育暴露的档案，然后可以改变与遗传变异相关的风险。目前的哮喘治疗方法可以控制哮喘的症状，但不能改变其自然病史。表观遗传学机制和新颖的解释模型提供了新兴的方法，显著增加了我们对哮喘发生和发展的理解。这将带来预防或治疗哮喘的关键信息，不仅在当前一代人中，而且由于表观遗传也可能在未来几代人预防哮喘。
Epigenetic mechanisms have the ability to alter the phenotype without changing the genetic code. The science of epigenetics has grown considerably in recent years, and future epigenetically-based treatments or prevention strategies are likely. Epigenetic associations with asthma have received growing interest because genetic and environmental factors have been unable to independently explain the etiology of asthma. Recent findings suggest that both the environment and underlying genetic sequence variation influence DNA methylation, which in turn seems to modify the risk conferred by genetic variants for various asthma phenotypes. In particular DNA methylation may act as an archive of a variety of early developmental exposures which then can modify the risk related to genetic variants. Current asthma treatments may control the symptoms of asthma but do not modify its natural history. Epigenetic mechanisms and novel explanatory models provide burgeoning approaches to significantly increase our understanding of the initiation and progression of asthma. This will lead to critical information to prevent or treat asthma not only in the current generation, but due to the epigenetic inheritance may also prevent asthma in future generations.