Oceanographic characteristics of the habitat of benthic fish and invertebrates in the Beaufort Sea
Oceanographic characteristics of the habitat of benthic fish and invertebrates in the Beaufort Sea
复制标题
波弗特海底栖鱼类和无脊椎动物栖息地的海洋学特征
作者：
E. Logerwell;Kimberly M. Rand;T. Weingartner
我们涉及的空间变异的分布的底栖生物类群的博福特海的海洋学特征，其栖息地与说明潜在的机制，气候变化的北极海洋群落的目标。博福特海的近海鱼类自1977年以来没有进行过调查，以前也没有对鱼类分布及其栖息地的海洋学特征进行过同步测量。2008年8月在阿拉斯加州的博福特海西部进行了一项调查。采用标准底拖网调查方法评估了底栖鱼类和无脊椎动物的分布和丰度。在每个拖网站和各站之间的几个地点收集了海洋学数据。主要的底栖生物类群，北极鳕鱼（Boreogadus色达），鳗鱼（Lycodes sp.），和雪蟹（Chionoeclampopilio）与来自楚科奇海的陆架断裂处近海发现的寒冷（<-1.5 °C），高盐度（>33）的水有关。预计这些沃茨水域的次级生产力很高，因此我们假设鱼和蟹的分布是由有利于成功觅食的条件驱动的。要预测气候变化的影响，就必须了解海洋生物的分布和丰度与其海洋生境之间的联系机制。我们的研究记录了博福特海的优势底栖鱼类和无脊椎动物与特定水体类型的关联，因此是朝着这一理解迈出的一步。
We relate the spatial variability in the distribution of benthic taxa of the Beaufort Sea to oceanographic characteristics of their habitat with the goal of illustrating potential mechanisms linking climate change to Arctic marine communities. Offshore fish of the Beaufort Sea have not been surveyed since 1977 and no synchronous measures of fish distribution and the oceanographic characteristics of their habitat have been made previously. A survey was conducted during August 2008 in the western Beaufort Sea, Alaska. The distribution and abundance of benthic fish and invertebrates were assessed with standard bottom trawl survey methods. Oceanographic data were collected at each trawl station and at several locations between stations. The dominant benthic taxa, Polar cod (Boreogadus saida), eelpouts (Lycodes sp.), and snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) were associated with cold (<−1.5°C), high salinity (>33) water found offshore of the shelf break, derived from the Chukchi Sea. These waters are expected to be high in secondary productivity, such that we hypothesize that the distribution of fish and crab was driven by conditions favorable for successful foraging. Predictions of the impacts of climate change require an understanding of the mechanisms linking the distribution and abundance of marine organisms to their oceanographic habitat. Our study documents the association of dominant benthic fish and invertebrates of the Beaufort Sea with specific water mass types and is thus a step toward this understanding.