Development of chemoreceptor responses in infants
Development of chemoreceptor responses in infants
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.resp.2005.02.013
复制
发表时间：
2005-11-15
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Katz-Salamon, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohen, G;Katz-Salamon, M
本文致力于化学感受领域及其在婴儿呼吸控制中的作用。我们使用“化学感受”来指代感知和处理 P-O2 和 P-CO2 变化的能力，以及通过调整通气量以维持体内平衡来对这些变化做出反应的能力。功能性化学感受器对于出生时或出生后立即开始甚至维持呼吸并不是必需的；出生时发生的强烈的大脑激活就足够了。然而，在接下来的几天到几周内，这种“神经源性”驱动力减弱，化学感受器的驱动力对于产生和维持正常呼吸节律变得至关重要。因此，化学感受器无法正常发育成为呼吸功能障碍的重要根本原因，尤其是在睡眠期间。本文介绍了可用于研究新生儿化学感受的方法，并概述了影响休息和压力下呼吸的产后早期变化和相互作用。后者可以用阈值和强度以及通气响应化学刺激而变化的延迟/速度来描述。最后，我们对与婴儿期化学感受器缺陷相关的疾病进行了调查。 (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
This paper is devoted to the field of chemoreception and its role in the control of breathing in infants. We use "chemoreception" to refer to the capacity to sense and process changes in P-O2 and P-CO2, and also to react to these changes by adjusting ventilation in order to maintain homeostasis. Functional chemoreceptors are not essential to commence or even to sustain breathing efforts immediately at or after birth; the intense brain activation, which occurs at birth, is sufficient. Over subsequent days to weeks, however, this "neurogenic" drive weakens and drive from the chemoreceptors becomes critical for generating and maintaining a normal breathing rhythm. Failure of the chemoreceptors to develop normally, consequently, becomes an important underlying cause of breathing dysfunction, particularly during sleep. The paper deals with the methods available to study chemoreception in newborn infants and provide an overview of the early postnatal changes and interactions, which influence breathing at rest and under stress. The latter may be described in terms of the threshold and strength as well as the delay/speed with which ventilation changes in response to chemical stimulation. We conclude with a survey of disorders associated with chemoreceptor deficits in infancy. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.