A Comparison of Flavorless Electronic Cigarette-Generated Aerosol and Conventional Cigarette Smoke on the Survival and Growth of Common Oral Commensal Streptococci
A Comparison of Flavorless Electronic Cigarette-Generated Aerosol and Conventional Cigarette Smoke on the Survival and Growth of Common Oral Commensal Streptococci
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DOI：
10.3390/ijerph16101669
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发表时间：
2019-05-02
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Palazzolo, Dominic L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cuadra, Giancarlo A.;Smith, Maxwell T.;Palazzolo, Dominic L.
背景：电子烟（ECIG）的使用已经变得非常普遍。因此，对ECIG气溶胶生物效应的批判性分析值得关注。众所周知，无味的ECIG气溶胶比香烟烟雾含有更少的有害成分。因此，我们假设气溶胶对口腔共生链球菌生存能力的直接影响不如烟雾。方法：测定4株共生链球菌暴露于无风味ECIG气溶胶+/-尼古丁和烟雾后的存活和生长情况。使用蠕动泵将气溶胶或烟雾输送到琼脂板上含有口腔共生链球菌最近播种的菌落形成单位（cfu）的室中。根据菌落计数和大小，测定暴露后24小时细菌的存活和生长。此外，将气溶胶或烟雾输送到含有预先粘附在塑料盖上的链球菌的腔室中，并通过扫描电子显微镜检测暴露24小时后的生物膜形成情况。结果：结果表明，无味气溶胶+/-尼古丁对细菌菌落和生物膜的生长都有适度的影响。相比之下，在所有测量参数中，烟雾显著降低了细菌的存活和生长。结论：与香烟烟雾不同，无味ECIG气雾剂对口腔共生链球菌的生存和生长影响较小。
Background: The use of electronic cigarettes (ECIG) has become very common. Consequently, critical analysis of the biological effects of ECIG aerosol deserves attention. Flavorless ECIG aerosol is known to comprise fewer harmful constituents than cigarette smoke. Therefore, we hypothesize that aerosol has less immediate effect on the viability of oral commensal streptococci than smoke. Methods: Survival and growth of four strains of commensal streptococci were measured after exposure to flavorless ECIG aerosol +/- nicotine and smoke. Peristaltic pumps were used to transport aerosol or smoke into chambers containing recently seeded colony-forming units (CFUs) of the oral commensal streptococci on agar plates. Bacterial survival and growth, based on colony counts and sizes, were determined 24 h post-exposure. Additionally, aerosol or smoke were delivered into chambers containing pre-adhered streptococci to plastic coverslips and biofilm formation was determined 24 h post-exposure via scanning electron microscopy. Results: The results suggest that flavorless aerosol +/- nicotine has a modest effect on bacterial growth both as colonies on agar and as biofilms. In contrast, smoke dramatically decreased bacterial survival and growth in all parameters measured. Conclusion: Unlike cigarette smoke, flavorless ECIG aerosol has only a small effect on the survival and growth of oral commensal streptococci.