Partnership Patterns in the United States and across Europe: The Role of Education and Country Context
Partnership Patterns in the United States and across Europe: The Role of Education and Country Context
复制标题
美国和整个欧洲的伙伴关系模式：教育的作用和国家背景
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mark Lyons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brienna Perelli‐Harris;Mark Lyons
翻译后摘要：在整个西方世界的伙伴关系的形成和解散模式正在发生巨大变化。一些学者认为，女性的婚姻形成和解体的轨迹因受教育程度而异，受教育程度较高的女性推迟结婚，但最终结婚，受教育程度较低的女性结婚后更有可能同居或离婚。与此同时，伙伴关系行为的差异也在各国之间增加，这表明国家背景起着重要作用。在这里，我们使用潜在的类增长模型，比较在美国和欧洲的14个国家的伙伴关系轨迹的教育梯度，并调查教育和国家背景的作用。我们的研究结果表明，一个一致的积极的教育梯度的伙伴关系模式显示推迟结婚，无论婚姻之前是否同居，但不太一致的梯度反映长期同居和工会解散的模式。虽然美国的研究结果显示，在婚姻和工会解散的教育差异的证据，从其他国家的证据是薄弱的。此外，国家背景比教育更能解释阶级成员的变化，随着时间的推移，背景变得越来越重要。不同国家背景下的行为差异表明，社会，文化，政治和经济发展对于理解伙伴关系形成和解散的变化至关重要。
Abstract:Patterns of partnership formation and dissolution are changing dramatically across the Western world. Some scholars have argued that women’s trajectories of union formation and dissolution are diverging by education, with the higher educated postponing but eventually marrying and the lower educated more likely to cohabit or divorce if they do marry. At the same time, the variation in partnership behavior has also increased across countries, suggesting that country context plays an important role. Here, we use latent class growth models to compare the educational gradient of partnership trajectories in the United States and 14 countries in Europe and investigate the role of education and country context. Our results indicate a consistent positive educational gradient for partnership patterns showing the postponement of marriage, regardless of whether marriage was preceded by cohabitation, but a less consistent gradient for patterns reflecting long-term cohabitation and union dissolution. Although the US results show evidence of an educational divergence in marriage and union dissolution, the evidence from the other countries is weak. In addition, country context explains more of the variation in class membership than education, with context becoming more important over time. The divergence in behaviors across country contexts suggests that social, cultural, political, and economic developments are essential for understanding changes in partnership formation and dissolution.