On causal estimation using $U$-statistics

On causal estimation using $U$-statistics
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使用 $U$ 统计进行因果估计

DOI:
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发表时间:
2018
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
Lu Mao
Lu Mao
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
Lu Mao

文献摘要

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摘要我们引入了一类一般的因果估计,它推广了人们熟悉的平均治疗效果的概念。这一类别是由对比函数定义的,预先指定的对比函数是为了量化一个结果相对于另一个结果的相对有利程度,并在两个潜在结果的边际分布上进行平均。自然估计量以$U$-统计的形式出现。我们得到了一个朴素的逆倾向得分加权估计和一类局部有效的双重稳健估计。我们的理论的有用性通过两个例子来说明,一个是关于序数结果的因果估计,另一个是关于异常值的稳健的因果检验。
Summary We introduce a general class of causal estimands which extends the familiar notion of average treatment effect. The class is defined by a contrast function, prespecified to quantify the relative favourability of one outcome over another, averaged over the marginal distributions of two potential outcomes. Natural estimators arise in the form of $U$-statistics. We derive both a naive inverse propensity score weighted estimator and a class of locally efficient and doubly robust estimators. The usefulness of our theory is illustrated by two examples, one for causal estimation with ordinal outcomes, and the other for causal tests that are robust with respect to outliers.