Characteristics of Chemical Solutes and Mineral Dust in Ice of the Ablation Area of a Glacier in Tien Shan Mountains, Central Asia
Characteristics of Chemical Solutes and Mineral Dust in Ice of the Ablation Area of a Glacier in Tien Shan Mountains, Central Asia
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DOI：
10.3389/feart.2022.904261
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yunjie Chen;N. Takeuchi;Feiteng Wang;Zhong-qin Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yunjie Chen;N. Takeuchi;Feiteng Wang;Zhong-qin Li
不同的微生物群落生活在冰川表面，其丰富性和多样性取决于冰上环境的化学和物理条件。冰川表面的化学溶质和矿物粉尘通常以气溶胶的形式来自大气，但它们也可以来自冰川冰。本研究分析了中亚天山山脉冰川消融区的56米冰芯，以表征冰川冰中的化学溶质和矿物粉尘。冰芯中可溶性化学离子和矿物粉尘的分析表明，它们的浓度随着深度的不同而不同。最主要的离子是钙离子(平均值：79.8μEq L−1)，其次是Cl−、SO42-、NH4+和NO3−。冰川冰中粉尘的平均浓度为2.5×10~5/m l·−-1。样品中化学溶质和矿物粉尘的浓度表明，冰川冰川融化可能会影响冰上条件。根据冰川冰露出的主要离子的浓度和观测到的冰面融化速度，估计了它们的年通量。因此，它们与大气中的污染物相当或高于大气中的污染物。来自冰川的矿物粉尘的平均质量通量大于来自大气的。结果表明，冰川冰为冰上环境提供了化学溶质和矿物粉尘，冰川融化速率的变化会影响冰川表面的化学条件和消融冰面上光自养生物的生长。
Diverse microbial communities live on glacial surfaces, with abundances and diversities dictated by the chemical and physical conditions of the supraglacial environment. Chemical solutes and mineral dust on glacial surfaces are generally derived from the atmosphere as aerosols, but they can also be supplied from glacial ice. In this study, a 56-m ice core from the ablation area of a mountain glacier in the Tien Shan Mountains of Central Asia was analyzed to characterize the chemical solutes and mineral dust in glacial ice. Soluble chemical ion and mineral dust analysis in the ice core showed that their concentrations varied with depth. The most dominant ion was Ca2+ (mean: 79.8 μEq L−1), followed by Cl−, SO4 2-, NH4 +, and NO3 −. The mean dust concentration in the glacial ice was 2.5 ×105 number ml−1. Chemical solute and mineral dust concentrations in the samples indicate that melting glacial ice could potentially affect supraglacial conditions. The annual fluxes of the major ions outcropping from glacial ice were estimated based on their concentrations and the observed melt rate of the ice surface. Consequently, they were comparable to or higher than those from the atmosphere. The mean mass flux of mineral dust from glacial ice was greater than that from the atmosphere. Our results showed that glacial ice supplies chemical solutes and mineral dust to the supraglacial environment and that changing melting rates of glacial ice would affect the chemical conditions on the glacier surface and the growth of photoautotrophs on the ablating ice surface.