Profiling and Spatial Variation Analysis of Persistent Organic Pollutants in South African Delphinids
Profiling and Spatial Variation Analysis of Persistent Organic Pollutants in South African Delphinids
复制标题
南非海豚持久性有机污染物的概况和空间变化分析
DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.5b06009
复制
发表时间：
2016-04-05
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Wu, Yuping
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gui, Duan;Karczmarski, Leszek;Wu, Yuping
持续处置的持久性有机污染物（POP）在南非（SA）值得关注的是，他们对人类和野生动物的有害影响。我们调查了六种海豚（n = 90）偶然捕获的鲨鱼网装置或搁浅的SA东海岸和南海岸，从2005年至2009年研究的POP暴露。近岸和河口物种Sousa plumbea被认为是受总持久性有机污染物污染最严重的物种（21 100 ng g（-1）lw），其次是短吻海豚（19 800 ng g（-1）lw），Lagenodelphis hosei（13 600纳克/克脂重）和好望角翠雀（5 500纳克/克脂重），而近海或远洋翠雀体内的持久性有机污染物水平要低得多。在所有翠雀中，主要污染物是二氯二苯三氯乙烷（DDTs），占总POPs浓度的60%以上，其次是多氯联苯（PCBs），占30%。S. plumbea和T. aduncus off SA是全球报告的飞燕草中含量最高的。大约一半的成年T. aduncus的PCB浓度超过了免疫功能受损的效应阈值。在南半球翠雀中发现的灭蚁灵和狄氏剂浓度高于南半球其他地区物种中的浓度。
The continuous disposal of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in South Africa (SA) warrants concern about their detrimental effects on humans and wildlife. We surveyed six dolphin species (n = 90) incidentally captured in shark net installations or stranded off the SA east and south coast from 2005 to 2009 to study the POP exposure. Sousa plumbea, an inshore and estuarine species, was found to be the most contaminated by total POPs (21 100 ng g(-1) lw) of all the dolphins off SA, followed by Tursiops aduncus (19 800 ng g(-1) lw), Lagenodelphis hosei (13 600 ng g(-1) lw), and Delphinus capensis (5500 ng g(-1) lw), whereas POP levels in the offshore or pelagic delphinids were much lower. In all delphinids,, dominant pollutants were dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs), which represented more than 60% of the total concentration of total POPs, followed by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs, 30%). Concentrations of DDTs in S. plumbea and T. aduncus off SA were among the highest levels reported in delphinids globally. Approximately half of the adult T. aduncus had PCB concentrations above the effect threshold for impairment of immune functions. The concentrations of Mirex and Dieldrin in SA delphinids were higher than those found in species from other regions of the Southern Hemisphere.