Adaptive Handover Decision Using Fuzzy Logic for 5G Ultra-Dense Networks
Adaptive Handover Decision Using Fuzzy Logic for 5G Ultra-Dense Networks
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DOI：
10.3390/electronics11203278
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发表时间：
2022-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Cheng, Ming-Hua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hwang, Wen-Shyang;Cheng, Teng-Yu;Cheng, Ming-Hua
随着第五代（5G）移动无线网络流量的爆炸性增长，第四代（4G）系统中由高度集中的毫米波基站组成的超密集网络（UDN）架构得到了发展。用户设备(UE)在UDN中移动时可能会遇到更频繁的切换机会。传统的切换方案过于简单，无法适应5G UDN中遇到的多样化切换场景，因为它们只考虑UE信号强度。不必要的切换会加剧乒乓效应并降低蜂窝网络的服务质量。模糊逻辑 (FL) 被认为是解决 4G/5G 网络小基站高密度场景中切换问题的最佳技术。在本文中，我们提出了一种基于FL的切换方案，针对每个UE动态调整两个切换参数的值，即切换裕度（HOM）和触发时间（TTT）。所提出的方案缩写为FLDHDT，通过使用UE的信干噪比和水平移动速度作为FL控制器的输入，除了HOM之外还可以动态调整TTT。为了证明 FLDHDT 的有效性和优越性，我们使用著名的 ns-3 模拟器进行模拟。性能指标包括切换次数、整体系统吞吐量和乒乓比。仿真结果表明，与传统切换方案（即事件A3）和仅动态调整HOM的基于FL的切换方案相比，FLDHDT在切换次数、乒乓比和整体系统吞吐量方面提高了5G UDN的切换性能。
With the explosive increase in traffic volume in fifth-generation (5G) mobile wireless networks, an ultra-dense network (UDN) architecture, composed of highly concentrated millimeter-wave base stations within the fourth-generation (4G) system, has been developed. User equipment (UE) may encounter more frequent handover opportunities when moving in a UDN. Conventional handover schemes are too simple to adapt to the diverse handover scenarios encountered in 5G UDNs because they consider only UE signal strength. Unnecessary handovers aggravate the ping-pong effect and degrade the quality of service of cellular networks. Fuzzy logic (FL) is considered the best technique to unravel the handover problem in a high-density scenario of small cells for 4G/5G networks. In this paper, we propose an FL-based handover scheme to dynamically adjust the values of two handover parameters, namely handover margin (HOM) and time to trigger (TTT), with respect to each UE. The proposed scheme, abbreviated as FLDHDT, has dynamic adjustment of TTT in addition to HOM by using the signal to interference plus noise ratio and horizontal moving speed of the UE as inputs to the FL controller. To demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of FLDHDT, we perform simulations using the well-known ns-3 simulator. The performance measures include the number of handovers, overall system throughput, and ping-pong ratio. The simulation results demonstrate that FLDHDT improves the handover performance of 5G UDNs in terms of the number of handovers, ping-pong ratio, and overall system throughput compared to a conventional handover scheme, namely Event A3, and an FL-based handover scheme with dynamic adjustment of only HOM.