The Morphology of the Proventriculus of a Formicine Ant
The Morphology of the Proventriculus of a Formicine Ant
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蚁蚁前胃的形态
DOI：
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发表时间：
1952
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Wilson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Eisner;E. Wilson
蚂蚁的腺胃是昆虫学上非常感兴趣的结构。它在那些具有最高社会行为形式的蚂蚁群体中发展得最精致，通常被认为在某种程度上与食物储存和营养作用有关。它已被广泛地用作分类特征，用于对扁头蚁亚科和蚁亚科较高类别的分类，并用于关于这些组的系统发育推测。然而，尽管过去对这个器官的解剖结构进行了几次复杂的描述，但它的功能和活动从未得到正确的理解。本文对一种典型的甲氧西林的腺胃的形态进行了集中研究。重点讨论了与其功能相关的细节，并对其机理提出了新的解释。Forel(1879年)首次对Dolichoderineformicine腺胃进行了精确的解剖学研究。Emery(1888)在一本经典的比较专著中延续了Forel的工作，这本专著仍然是关于这个器官的基本参考。他研究了大多数多里克德林部落和福尔米丁部落，以及变态的桃金娘部落Cephalotini。1912年和1925年，在《怀茨曼昆虫属》的分册中，分别对Dolichoderinae和Formicinae的腺胃进行了简要描述。福布斯(1938年)对甲氧西林腺胃的最新研究，主要是对早期工作的回顾，几乎没有增加有意义的信息。本研究选用的蚂蚁为美洲弯曲蚁。事实证明，这种物种特别适合这种类型的解剖工作，因为它很大，
The ant proventriculus is a structure of considerable entomological interest. It is most elaborately developed in those groups of ants which have the highest form of social behavior and has been generally thought to be associated in some way with food storage and trophallaxis. It has been used extensively as a taxonomic character in the classification of higher categories in the Dolichoderinae and Formicinae and in phylogenetic speculation concerning these groups. Yet, despite several involved descriptions of the anatomy of this organ that have appeared in the past, its function and activity have never been properly understood. The following paper contains the results of a concentrated study o.f the morphology of the proventriculus of one typical species of formicine. An emphasis has been laid on those details that appear to be relevant to its function, and there is offered a new explanation of its mechanics. The first accurate anatomical study of the dolichoderineformicine proventriculus was that of Forel (1879). Emery (1888) followed up Forel’s work in a classic comparative monograph which is still the basic reference on this organ. He rexiewed most of the dolichoderine and formicine tribes, as well as the aberrant myrmicine tribe Cephalotini. Additional brief descriptions of the proventriculus of the Dolichoderinae and Formicinae were given in 1912 and 1925, respectively, in the fascicles of Wytsman’s Genera Insectorun dealing with those groups. The most recent research on the formicine proventriculus is that of Forbes (1938), whose account is mostly a review of earlier work and adds little information o.f significance. The ant chosen for the present study was Camponotus americanus Mayr. This species proved especially amenable to this type of anatomical work, since it is large and