Soil seedbed engineering and its impact on germination and establishment in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) as affected by seed–soil contact
Soil seedbed engineering and its impact on germination and establishment in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) as affected by seed–soil contact
复制标题
土壤苗床工程及其对受种子-土壤接触影响的甜菜 (Beta vulgaris L.) 发芽和定植的影响
DOI：
10.1017/s0960258518000168
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
S. Mooney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sebastian Blunk;M. I. de Heer;C. Sturrock;S. Mooney
摘要 种子与土壤的接触在发芽过程中起着至关重要的作用，因为种子通过与周围潮湿的土壤团聚体直接接触来吸收水分。影响种子-土壤接触的因素可被认为是与土壤物理性质有关的因素（例如质地、容重、孔隙度等）和与环境条件有关的因素（例如温度、降雨量、霜冻）。此外，种子与土壤的接触还受到农民采用的具体田间管理流程的影响，这些流程在过去 30 年中得到了显着发展。然而，耕作对种子与周围土壤实际接触面积的精确影响是基于一系列假设，目前仍然未知。本综述考虑了土壤管理的影响及其对种子-土壤接触和建立的直接影响。我们回顾了测量种子与土壤接触的最新方法，并评估了土壤改良剂（例如植物残留物和废料）改善种子与土壤接触的潜力。由于田间管理技术与土壤质地、气候条件和作物类型之间的相互作用存在局部差异，设计“最佳”种子与土壤接触仍然是一个挑战。最新的成像方法在评估管理对发芽的影响方面显示出巨大的前景。将这些技术与最新的网络模型相结合，为提高我们准确预测发芽、出现和建立的能力提供了巨大的潜力。
Abstract Seed–soil contact plays an essential role in the process of germination as seeds absorb water through direct contact with the moist soil aggregates that surround them. Factors influencing seed–soil contact can be considered as those pertaining to soil physical properties (e.g. texture, bulk density, porosity, etc.) and those related to environmental conditions (e.g. temperature, rainfall, frost). Seed–soil contact is furthermore influenced by the specific field management processes that farmers apply, which have developed significantly over the last 30 years. However, the precise effect of cultivation on the actual contact area of the seed with the surrounding soil is based on a series of assumptions and is still largely unknown. This review considers the influence of soil management and its direct impact on seed–soil contact and establishment. We review the state of the art in methodology for measuring seed–soil contact and assess the potential for soil amendments such as plant residues and waste materials to improve seed–soil contact. Engineering the ‘optimal’ seed–soil contact remains a challenge due to the localized variation between the interaction with field management techniques and soil texture, climatic conditions and crop type. The latest imaging approaches show great promise to assess the impact of management on germination. Combining the techniques with the latest network models offers great potential to improve our ability to accurately predict germination, emergence and establishment.