LIVING ON THE MARGIN - A SALUTOGENIC MODEL FOR SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENTIALS IN HEALTH
LIVING ON THE MARGIN - A SALUTOGENIC MODEL FOR SOCIOECONOMIC DIFFERENTIALS IN HEALTH
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DOI：
10.1016/s0033-3506(95)80200-2
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发表时间：
1995-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
WHITE, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHARLTON, BG;WHITE, M
对健康不平等的研究表明，社会经济地位(SEP)与健康差异密切相关。然而，目前还没有足够的模型来解释社会变量和生物变量之间的因果联系：特别是为什么在所有社会中都能发现SEP和健康之间的联系；为什么不平等不仅反映了贫困导致疾病，而且也出现在最富有的社会中的最富有的阶层中。在这篇文章中，我们提出了一个模型，该模型汇集了许多不同的研究线索，并有助于解释如何根据资源边际的差异来看待社会经济地位的分层。由于个人和群体实现广泛的“促进健康”性质的“普遍”心理愿望的能力不同，资源差异导致了分层的健康结果。利润率模型建立在前面描述的有益健康的理论基础上。平均而言，差额的相对大小将预测不同的健康结果。这一预测在经验上是可检验的，并为健康差异研究开辟了新的议程；它还为理解、规划和评估健康促进提供了框架。
Research into health inequalities shows that socio-economic position (SEP) is strongly associated with differentials in health. Yet at present there is no adequate model to explain the causal link between the social and the biological variables: in particular why the association between SEP and health is found in all societies; and why inequalities are not simply a reflection of poverty causing sickness, but are also seen among the wealthiest classes in the wealthiest societies. In this paper we propose a model which brings together many diverse strands of research, and helps to explain how stratification by socio-economic position may be seen in terms of differentials in the margin of resources. Resource differentials lead to stratified health outcomes owing to the differential capacity of individuals and groups to realise 'universal' psychological aspirations of a broadly 'health promoting' nature. The margin model builds upon a previously described salutogenic theory of health. On average, the relative size of the margin will predict differential health outcome. This prediction is empirically testable and opens up a new agenda for research on health differentials; it also provides a framework for understanding, planning and evaluating health promotion.