Efficient Synthesis of Primary Nitrocarbamates of Sugar Alcohols: From Food to Energetic Materials
Efficient Synthesis of Primary Nitrocarbamates of Sugar Alcohols: From Food to Energetic Materials
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DOI：
10.1002/asia.201501241
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发表时间：
2016-02-18
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Krumm, Burkhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Axthammer, Quirin J.;Klapoetke, Thomas M.;Krumm, Burkhard
以糖醇为原料，采用经济的两步法合成了多种新型多价氨基甲酸硝基酯。以氯磺酰基异氰酸酯（CSI）为原料合成氨基甲酸酯前体，并用混合酸进行硝化。原料糖醇是一种可再生生物质，主要用于食品和化妆品行业。一种氨基甲酸酯和一种硝基氨基甲酸酯的结构通过单晶x射线分析得到了典型的描述。利用等速反应计算了生成热，并估计了能量性能数据。所有化合物通过元素分析、振动光谱、H-1、C-13和N-14/15核磁共振光谱和热分析（DSC）进行了充分的表征。与常用的硝酸酯炸药PETN相比，氨基甲酸硝基酯具有良好的爆轰性能和明显较低的灵敏度。
The synthesis of various new polyvalent nitrocarbamates derived from sugar alcohols was accomplished by an economically benign two-step synthesis. The precursor carbamates were synthesized with the reagent chlorosulfonyl isocyanate (CSI) and further nitrated using mixed acid. The starting materials, sugar alcohols, are renewable biomass, mainly used in food and cosmetic industry. The structures of one carbamate and one nitrocarbamate were exemplary described by single-crystal X-ray-analysis. The heat of formation is calculated by the use of isodesmic reactions and the energetic performance data were estimated. All compounds were fully characterized by elemental analysis, vibrational spectroscopy, H-1, C-13, and N-14/15 NMR spectroscopy and thermal analysis (DSC). The nitrocarbamates exhibit good detonation performance and have significantly lower sensitivities compared to the commonly used nitrate ester explosive PETN.