A meta-analysis of the virtual reality problem: Unequal effects of virtual reality sickness across individual differences
A meta-analysis of the virtual reality problem: Unequal effects of virtual reality sickness across individual differences
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DOI：
10.1007/s10055-021-00524-3
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发表时间：
2021-05-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Van Zandt, Elise C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howard, Matt C.;Van Zandt, Elise C.
虚拟现实（VR）的实际应用，被定义为真实或想象空间的三维数字表示，已经变得越来越流行，现在应用于工作场所培训，身体康复，心理治疗和许多其他环境。与VR程序互动可能会产生类似晕动病的感觉，称为VR病，研究人员已经表明，用户的某些方面，如性别和年龄，可能会预测VR病的发生。VR疾病的不平等影响是一个可怕的问题，如果某些用户容易生病，VR的应用对他们是不公平的。例如，如果女性比男性有更多的VR疾病，那么工作场所的VR培训计划可能会导致不同的待遇。为了研究这一概念，我们对虚拟现实疾病与一系列潜在前因之间的关系进行了荟萃分析。结果表明，晕动病易感性、性别、现实世界经验、技术经验、患有神经系统疾病和患有相关恐惧症均与VR病显著相关；然而，没有调节作用产生复发性显著结果。这些结果部分地解释了目前VR疾病的主流框架，即姿势不稳定理论，但有些发现并没有被该理论预测到。因此，我们支持(a)虚拟现实病在多个个体差异中产生不平等的影响；(b)这些影响在VR程序的应用中似乎具有弹性，(c)需要进一步的研究来发展理论并确定详细描述这些关系的解释机制。
Practical applications of virtual reality (VR), defined as a three-dimensional digital representation of a real or imagined space, have become increasingly popular and are now applied in workplace training, physical rehabilitation, psychological therapy, and many other settings. Feelings akin to motion sickness, called VR sickness, can arise from interacting with VR programs, and researchers have shown that certain aspects of the user, such as gender and age, may predict the occurrence of VR sickness. The unequal effects of VR sickness are a dire concern and the application of VR is unfair to certain users if they are prone to sickness. For instance, a workplace VR training program could result in disparate treatment if women experience more VR sickness than men. To investigate this notion, we perform a meta-analysis on the relationship between VR sickness and a wide array of potential antecedents. The results demonstrate that motion sickness susceptibility, gender, real-world experience, technological experience, possessing a neurological disorder, and possessing a relevant phobia all significantly relate to VR sickness; however, no moderating effects produced recurrent significant results. These results were partially explained by the current dominant framework for VR sickness, postural instability theory, but some findings were not predicted by the theory. Therefore, we support that (a) VR sickness produces unequal effects across multiple individual differences; (b) these effects appear resilient across applications of VR programs, and (c) further research is needed to develop theory and identify explanatory mechanisms that detail these relationships.