Horizontal transfer of β-carbonic anhydrase genes from prokaryotes to protozoans, insects, and nematodes
Horizontal transfer of β-carbonic anhydrase genes from prokaryotes to protozoans, insects, and nematodes
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DOI：
10.1186/s13071-016-1415-7
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发表时间：
2016-03-16
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Hytonen, Vesa P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Emameh, Reza Zolfaghari;Barker, Harlan R.;Hytonen, Vesa P.
背景：水平基因转移（Horizontal gene transfer，HGT）是发生在正常交配活动之外的遗传信息转移。在原核内共生体与其原生动物、昆虫和线虫宿主之间尤其常见。虽然β-碳酸酐酶（beta-CA）在许多生物体的代谢功能中起着至关重要的作用，但真核生物中β-CA基因的起源仍不清楚。方法：本研究采用遗传学方法，预测亚细胞定位，鉴定细菌MGE上的β-CA、转座酶、整合酶和解离酶基因。我们还通过同源性建模对原生动物、昆虫和线虫及其推定的原核共同祖先的β-CA进行了结构分析。我们对一些靶基因组的研究表明，编码转座酶、整合酶、解离酶、和缀合复合物蛋白已经与β-CA基因序列整合在移动的遗传元件（MGE）上，这促进了β-CA的移动性。从细菌到原生动物、昆虫和线虫物种的CA基因。原生动物、昆虫和线虫β-CA酶的原核起源得到系统发育分析、亚细胞定位预测和同源性modelling.Conclusion的支持：MGE形成了一套完整的酶促工具，它与从原核生物到原生动物、昆虫和线虫的β-CA基因序列的HGT有关。
Background: Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is a movement of genetic information occurring outside of normal mating activities. It is especially common between prokaryotic endosymbionts and their protozoan, insect, and nematode hosts. Although beta carbonic anhydrase (beta-CA) plays a crucial role in metabolic functions of many living organisms, the origin of beta-CA genes in eukaryotic species remains unclear.Methods: This study was conducted using phylogenetics, prediction of subcellular localization, and identification of beta-CA, transposase, integrase, and resolvase genes on the MGEs of bacteria. We also structurally analyzed beta-CAs from protozoans, insects, and nematodes and their putative prokaryotic common ancestors, by homology modelling.Results: Our investigations of a number of target genomes revealed that genes coding for transposase, integrase, resolvase, and conjugation complex proteins have been integrated with beta-CA gene sequences on mobile genetic elements (MGEs) which have facilitated the mobility of beta-CA genes from bacteria to protozoan, insect, and nematode species. The prokaryotic origin of protozoan, insect, and nematode beta-CA enzymes is supported by phylogenetic analyses, prediction of subcellular localization, and homology modelling.Conclusion: MGEs form a complete set of enzymatic tools, which are relevant to HGT of beta-CA gene sequences from prokaryotes to protozoans, insects, and nematodes.