Recent progress in random number generator using voltage pulse-induced switching of nano-magnet: A perspective
Recent progress in random number generator using voltage pulse-induced switching of nano-magnet: A perspective
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使用电压脉冲感应纳米磁体开关的随机数发生器的最新进展：一个视角
DOI：
10.1063/5.0038974
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
S. Yuasa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Fukushima;Tatsuya Yamamoto;T. Nozaki;K. Yakushiji;H. Kubota;S. Yuasa
电压脉冲驱动的纳米磁体开关由于其超低功耗的高速写入而受到广泛关注。其中一个关键的优点是，施加到纳米磁体的外部电压降低了磁各向异性能量，并激发了磁化的进动运动。通过调节电压脉冲的持续时间和幅度，可以获得接近50%的开关概率，这表明纳米磁体的磁状态可以用作产生二进制随机数（RN）的源。由于纳米磁体的双向切换是由单极电压脉冲引起的，这与自旋转移矩（STT）切换的情况本质上不同，因此结果是两种切换极性的混合：从平行（“0”状态）到反平行（“1”状态），反之亦然。在这里，我们将注意力集中在四种情况的出现概率上，“00”，“01”，“10”和“11”，所有这些情况都作为电压的函数线性变化。通过将“00”或“11”的概率调整为25%，可以生成平衡良好的RN。电压脉冲驱动的随机数发生器（RNG）相对于传统的STT驱动的一个明显的优点是功耗较低，这使得大量的RNG的集成和高度并行操作。
Voltage pulse-driven switching of nano-magnets has gained distinct attention because of its high-speed writing with ultralow power consumption. One of the key advantages is that the external voltage applied to a nano-magnet reduces the magnetic anisotropy energy and excites a precessional motion of magnetization. By adjusting the duration and amplitude of the voltage pulse, a switching probability close to 50% can be attained, suggesting that the magnetic state of nano-magnets can be used as a source for generating binary random numbers (RNs) in principle. Because the bi-directional switching of nano-magnets is induced by unipolar voltage pulses, which is essentially different from the case of spin transfer torque (STT) switching, the results are a mixture of two switching polarities: from parallel (“0” state) to antiparallel (“1” state) and vice versa. Here, we focus our attention on the appearance probabilities of four cases, “00,” “01,” “10,” and “11,” all of which change linearly as functions of voltage. By tuning the probabilities of “00” or “11” to 25%, well-balanced RNs can be generated. A clear advantage of the voltage-pulse driven random number generator (RNG) over the conventional STT-driven one is lower consumption, which enables integration and heavily parallel operations of a large number of RNGs.