Duration and regulation of the developmental cycle of Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae).
Duration and regulation of the developmental cycle of Ixodes dammini (Acari: Ixodidae).
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达米尼硬蜱（螨：硬蜱科）发育周期的持续时间和调节。
DOI：
10.1093/jmedent/27.2.196
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Spielman,A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yuval,B;Spielman,A
为了确定鹿蜱（Ixodes damminiSpielman，Clifford，Piesman和Corwin）的各个发育阶段在自然界中存活多久，并建立吸血和蜕皮或产卵以及随后的幼虫羽化之间的间隔，我们观察了该领域的蜱。除非成虫在活动的第一个季节（秋季至春季）进食，否则它们会死亡，无法活过夏季。非喂食的生存通过两个季节（5月至8月）的喂养活动，使每年的队列重叠。不进食的幼虫存活不到一年，因为它们在夏末孵化，这个发育阶段的队列不会重叠。幼虫，饲料前9月迅速蜕皮和越冬的幼虫;那些饲料后越冬充血和蜕皮在第二年春天。食蟹猴无法在冬季存活，因此必须在夏末之前进食。它们在进食的同一年发育到成年阶段。无论进食的时间，女性产卵在初夏，和由此产生的幼虫同步蜕皮晚在那个季节。虽然这种蜱的周期可以在自然界中两年完成，但当宿主相对稀缺时，它可能会延长到四年。幼虫和幼虫的季节性反转似乎是由生理机制和宿主丰度调节的。
To determine how long the various developmental stages of the deer tick (Ixodes damminiSpielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin) survive in nature and to establish the interval between blood feeding and ecdysis or oviposition as well as subsequent larval eclosion, we observed ticks confined in the field. Unless adults feed during their first season (fall through spring) of activity, they die and do not survive the summer. Nonfed nymphs survive through two seasons (May through August) of feeding activity such that annual cohorts overlap. Nonfed larvae survive less than one year, and because they hatch toward the end of the summer, cohorts of this developmental stage do not overlap. Larvae that feed before September molt promptly and overwinter as nymphs; those that feed later overwinter engorged and ecdyse during the following spring. Fed nymphs fail to survive the winter, and thus must feed before late summer. They develop to the adult stage in the same year in which they feed. Regardless of time of feeding, females lay eggs in early summer, and the resulting larvae synchronously eclose late in that season. Although the cycle of this tick can be completed in nature in two years, it may extend to four years when hosts are relatively scarce. The seasonal inversion of larvae and nymphs appears to be regulated by physiological mechanisms and by host abundance.