Wissenschaftliche Politikberatung? Der Dissens der Experten und die Autorität der Politik

Wissenschaftliche Politikberatung? Der Dissens der Experten und die Autorität der Politik
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专家分歧和政治权威?

DOI:
10.1007/s11578-002-0028-z
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发表时间:
2002
期刊:
Leviathan
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
W. Menz
W. Menz
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
A. Bogner;W. Menz

文献摘要

被引文献

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在社会学传统中,科学专门知识与政策之间的关系一直被描述为支配和决定。与此相反,反身现代化理论关注的是科学的多元化和多范式化,因为这是由对新风险的不同解释造成的。在对这种方法的批判性评估中,我们认为它系统地低估了当前社会中制度化异议的安抚作用。德国联邦议院在道德上接受干细胞研究的决策可以作为专业知识在政治决策中新作用的一个例子。制度化的异议----例如以国家伦理委员会的形式----可以被理解为政治行动能力的象征性产物,它改变了政治理性,同时又复制了传统的决策程序。
In the sociological tradition the relation between scientific expertise and policy has been described in terms of domination and determination. The theory of reflexive modernization, in contrast, focuses on the pluralism and multiparadigmatism of science, as it is caused by different interpretations of new risks. In a critical assessment of this approach we argue that it systematically underestimates the pacifying effects of institutionalized dissent in current society. The decision-making of the Deutsche Bundestag on the moral acceptance of stem cell research can serve as an example for the new role of expertise in political decision. The institutionalized dissent — for example in the form of National Ethics Councils — may be understood as a symbolic production of the political capacity to act which changes the political rationality while reproducing the traditional proceedings of decision-making.