The impact of carbon formation on Ni–YSZ anodes from biomass gasification model tars operating in dry conditions
The impact of carbon formation on Ni–YSZ anodes from biomass gasification model tars operating in dry conditions
复制标题
在干燥条件下运行的生物质气化模型焦油中碳形成对 Ni-YSZ 阳极的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.ces.2008.09.020
复制
发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
N. Brandon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Mermelstein;M. Millan;N. Brandon
固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)与生物质气化的结合有可能成为生产清洁和可再生能源的一种有吸引力的技术。然而，生物质气化过程中形成的焦油对SOFC阳极的性能和耐久性的影响还没有得到很好的实验证实。本文报道了生物质气化合成模型焦油中碳形成对SOFC纽扣电池阳极的影响的实验研究。此外，本文还对合适的焦油模型进行了评价，以研究典型生物质气化焦油对SOFC运行的影响。本文使用的负极材料是60：40wt.%NiO/YSZ金属陶瓷，在浓度为15g/Nm~3的15%H_2混合气体中对不同生物质气化模型焦油进行试验。模型焦油包括代表最简单和最主要的生物质气化焦油的苯和甲苯，以及由较高分子质量的焦油组成的焦油混合物，如萘、芘和苯酚。研究发现，在干燥条件下，碳的生成严重破坏了燃料电池的阳极，导致电池性能下降，阳极极化电阻过大。与其他模型焦油相比，苯的反应活性更高，导致还原的Ni-O催化剂上的碳生成水平更高。根据SOFC的工作温度不同，会形成不同类型的碳。
The combination of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and biomass gasification has the potential to become an attractive technology for the production of clean and renewable energy. However the impact of tars, formed during biomass gasification, on the performance and durability of SOFC anodes has not been well established experimentally. This paper reports on an experimental study of the effects of carbon formation on the anodes of SOFC button cells from synthetic model tars arising from the gasification of biomass material. Furthermore the paper evaluates appropriate model tars to study the effects of typical biomass gasification tars on SOFC operation. The anode material used in this work was a 60:40wt.% NiO/YSZ cermet, which was tested in a 15% H2gas mixture containing a concentration of 15g/Nm3of different biomass gasification model tars. Model tars included benzene and toluene representing the simplest and most predominant of biomass gasification tars, and a tar mix consisting of higher molecular weight tars such as naphthalene, pyrene, and phenol. It was found that carbon formation in dry conditions significantly damaged the anode of the fuel cell resulting in decreased cell performance and excessive anode polarization resistances. The higher reactivity of benzene compared to other model tars led to higher levels of carbon formation on reduced Ni–O catalysts. Different types of carbon were formed depending on the operating temperature of the SOFC.