Prevalence of Hearing Loss by Severity in the United States
Prevalence of Hearing Loss by Severity in the United States
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2016.303299
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发表时间：
2016-10-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Lin, Frank R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goman, Adele M.;Lin, Frank R.
目标。评估美国特定年龄和严重程度的听力障碍患病率。我们对2001年至2010年的全国健康和营养检查调查数据进行了横断面分析，调查对象为9648名年龄在12岁及以上的人。听力损失被定义为轻度(>；25分贝至40分贝)、中度(>；40分贝至60分贝)、重度(>；60分贝至80分贝)或重度(>；80分贝)。据估计，年龄在12岁或以上的美国居民分别有2540万、1070万、180万和40万人患有轻度、中度、重度和严重的较好的耳朵听力损失。年龄较大的人表现出更高的听力损失发生率和更严重的损失水平。在大多数年龄段，西班牙裔和非西班牙裔白人的患病率高于非西班牙裔黑人，男性高于女性。听力损失直接影响23%的12岁或12岁以上的美国人。这些人中的大多数都有轻度听力损失；然而，在80岁或以上的人中，中度听力损失比轻度听力损失更普遍。对公共卫生的影响。我们的估计可以为国家公共卫生倡议提供有关听力损失的信息，并帮助指导目前正在医学研究所和白宫讨论的政策建议。
Objectives. To estimate the age-and severity-specific prevalence of hearing impairment in the United States.Methods. We conducted cross-sectional analyses of 2001 through 2010 data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on 9648 individuals aged 12 years or older. Hearing loss was defined as mild (> 25 dB through 40 dB), moderate (> 40 dB through 60 dB), severe (> 60 dB through 80 dB), or profound (> 80 dB).Results. An estimated 25.4 million, 10.7 million, 1.8 million, and 0.4 million US residents aged 12 years or older, respectively, have mild, moderate, severe, and profound better-ear hearing loss. Older individuals displayed a higher prevalence of hearing loss and more severe levels of loss. Across most ages, the prevalence was higher among Hispanic and non-Hispanic Whites than among non-Hispanic Blacks and was higher among men than women.Conclusions. Hearing loss directly affects 23% of Americans aged 12 years or older. The majority of these individuals have mild hearing loss; however, moderate loss is more prevalent than mild loss among individuals aged 80 years or older. Public Health Implications. Our estimates can inform national public health initiatives on hearing loss and help guide policy recommendations currently being discussed at the Institute of Medicine and the White House.