Job characteristics, physical and psychological symptoms, and social support as antecedents of sickness absence among men and women in the private industrial sector
Job characteristics, physical and psychological symptoms, and social support as antecedents of sickness absence among men and women in the private industrial sector
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00450-1
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Peiró, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Väänänen, A;Toppinen-Tanner, S;Peiró, JM
大多数关于社会心理健康资源和风险与雇员随后因病缺勤之间关系的纵向研究都是在公共部门进行的。本研究旨在探讨民营企业员工因病缺勤的社会心理前因。工作特征（工作自主性和工作复杂性），身体和心理症状，以及社会支持（来自同事和主管）对疾病缺勤的影响进行了调查。1995 - 1998年，从一家跨国林业公司的健康登记册中获得了3 895人（76%为男性，24%为女性，平均年龄44岁）长期（4 - 21天）和极长期（> 21天）病假的次数。1996年对工人的工作条件和健康进行了问卷调查。随访时间为1年9个月。研究发现，工作自主性与男性的长期和非常长的事件有关（最低自主组的比率（RR）比最高自主组高出约2倍），并且与女性的长期缺席有关（低与高类别之间的RR高出2 - 3倍）。低工作复杂性预测男性的长期缺席（RR 1.4）。男性和女性的长期和非常长期的发作与身体和心理症状相关（RR 1.2 - 1.7）。缺乏同事的支持增加了男子长期病假的频率（RR 1.4），而缺乏主管的支持增加了妇女长期病假的频率（RR 1.6）。此外，社会支持变量的一些交互作用的影响，在男女之间观察。我们的结论是，所研究的心理社会因素与随后的疾病缺席，和协会的部分性别特异性。结果显示哪些变量与私营工业部门雇员的病假有关，可应用于人力资源管理和卫生服务规划。(C)2003爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Most longitudinal studies on the relationship between psychosocial health resources and risks, and the employees' subsequent sickness absences have been conducted in the public sector. The purpose of this study was to find out psychosocial antecedents of sickness absenteeism in the private industrial sector. The effects of job characteristics (job autonomy and job complexity), physical and psychological symptoms, and social support (from coworkers and supervisors) on sickness absenteeism were investigated. The number of long (4-21 days) and very long (> 21 days) sickness absence episodes of 3895 persons (76% men and 24% women, mean age 44 years) was obtained from the health registers of a multinational forest industry corporation in 1995-1998. A questionnaire survey on the working conditions and health of the workers was carried out in 1996. The follow-up time of the sickness absences was 1-year 9-month. Job autonomy was found to be associated with long and very long episodes in men (rate ratio (RR) in the lowest autonomy group approximately 2 times higher than the highest autonomy group), and with very long episodes of absence in women (2-3 times higher RR between the low vs. the high category). Low job complexity predicted men's very long absences (RR 1.4). Long and very long episodes were associated with physical and psychological symptoms (RR 1.2-1.7) among men and women. Lack of coworkers' support increased the frequency of very long sickness absence among men (RR 1.4), and lack of supervisor's support among women (RR 1.6). Also, some interaction effects of social support variables were observed among both genders. We conclude that the studied psychosocial factors are associated with subsequent sickness absence, and that the associations are partly gender-specific. The results showing which variables are related to employees' sickness absenteeism in the private industrial sector can be applied in human resource management and health service planning. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.